Interlinear glossed text

NM081007-02aA

Recording date2008-10-07
Speaker age71
Speaker sexf
Text genretraditional narrative
Extended corpusyes



Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
Translationthe hare comes and meets the hyena

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
sii
sii
come
ng
ng
and
mhoo
hoo
meet
gǁain,
gǁain
brown.hyena
****
****
****
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
ǂʼaa
ǂʼaa
be.along
soo
soo
sit
,
'
'
tsiia
sii-a
come-IMP.SG
ki
ki
place
a
a
this
,
tsiia
sii-a
come-IMP.SG
ki
ki
place
a
a
this
,
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
"
,
****
****
****
Translationhyena sits alongside (of the road) "come here, come here, hare",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
"
hey
hey
hey
,
nǀng
nǀng
1SG.Q
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ng
ng
and
kxʼuu
kxʼuu
do
dyisi
dyisi
what
ng
ng
OBL
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.OBL
,
ng
ng
1SG
ǁʼaa
ǁʼaa
go.to
****
****
****
Translation(H) "hey, what should I (go and) do with you, I go to ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
koro
koro
jackal
"
,
****
****
****
Translationthe jackal",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
a
a
CONN
nǁae
nǁae
then
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
tsiia
sii-a
come-IMP.SG
ki
ki
place
a
a
this
,
tsiia
sii-a
come-IMP.SG
ki
ki
place
a
a
this
,
****
****
****
Translationthe hyena says "come here, come here",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"[...]
****
****
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
ǂao
ǂao
want
a
****
****
kxʼuu
kxʼuu
do
dyisi",
dyisi
what
"nǃoʼe,
nǃoʼe
no
tsiia
sii-a
come-IMP.SG
ki
ki
place
a,
a
this
****
****
****
Translation(H) "what do you want to do?" (OP) "no, come here

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
ǁxae
ǁxae
know
dyisi
dyisi
what
"
,
****
****
****
Translationdo you know what?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
ng
ng
1SG
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
ǁxae
ǁxae
know
"
,
****
****
****
Translationthe hare says "I don't know

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
"
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
ǂao
ǂao
want
a
a
2SG
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
ng
ng
1SG
"
,
****
****
****
Translation(OP) "don't you want to carry me?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
[nǁae
nǁae
then
...]
****
****
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
ku,
ku
QUOT
"ng
ng
1SG
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
ki
ki
?be.able
nya
na
1SG
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
a,
a
2SG
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
nǀai,
nǀai
see
ng
ng
1SG
katyhiin
ka-tyhiin
PL-leg
ʘuunke
ʘuun-ke
DIM-PL
ǂʼain
ǂʼiin
small
nǀa
nǀa
and
ng
ng
1SG
kaǃaruke
ka-ǃaru-ke
PL-leg-PL
[hng]
hng
3PL
hng
hng
3PL
si
si
IRR
ǁhaa,
ǁhaa
break
****
****
****
Translationthe hare says "I can't carry you, don't you see my little ?upper legs are small, and my ?lower legs will break

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
a
a
2SG
mos
mos
indeed
nǃain
nǃain
big
,
a
a
2SG
ǃqhuin
ǃqhuin
fat
"
,
****
****
****
Translationyou are big and fat",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
"
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
,
ǃʼaoa
ǃʼao-a
carry.on.back-IMP.SG
ng
ng
1SG
,
a
****
****
neti
neti
just
ng
ng
****
aa
a-a
********
****
****
****
Translation"no, carry me just on the back, make just a turn for me

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǀaia
ǀii-a
take-IMP.SG
nǀng
nǀng
1SG.OBL
,
a
a
2SG
ǁhoo
ǁxoo
put.down
ng
ng
1SG
****
****
****
Translationtake me and put me down ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ǃqao
ǃqao
path
ǁʼng
ǁʼng
move.out
"
,
****
****
****
Translationnext to the road",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
,
ng
ng
1SG
ǁala
ǁala
IRR.NEG
kxʼuu
kxʼuu
do
"
,
Translationthe hare says "no, I won't do (this)"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
o
o
ooh
,
a
a
2SG
ǀara
ǀaqra
refuse
a
a
2SG
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
ng
ng
1SG
,
****
****
****
Translation(OP) "oh, you refuse to carry me?!

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ng
ng
1SG
si
si
IRR
ǀai
ǀii
take
ng
ng
OBL
tsaqm,
tsaqm
knobkerrie
ng
ng
1SG
ǂau
ǂau
beat
(...)
****
****
a,
a
2SG
****
****
****
TranslationI will take the kerrie and beat you dead

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǂkhuun
ǂkhuun
jump
ǃʼuu
ǃʼuu
?away
,
****
****
****
Translationthe hare jumps (away)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ǃʼana
ǃʼana
stand
ki
ki
place
,
****
****
****
Translationhe goes and stands there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǃʼuun
ǃʼuun
stand
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǃʼuun
ǃʼuun
stand
ǃqoeʼin
ǃqoeʼin
look.around
,
****
****
****
Translationhe stand, he stands and looks around

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
jy
jy
hey
****
****
****
Translationhey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
nǀaa
nǀaa
see
,
****
****
****
Translationhe sees ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
koro
koro
jackal
saa
saa
come
nǀa
nǀa
COM
kara
kar
cart
,
****
****
****
Translationthe jackal comes with the cart

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ku
ku
QUOT
,
****
****
****
"
[
oom
oom
uncle
]
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
,
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
,
ǃʼana
ǃʼana
stand
ki
ki
place
ki
ki
that
,
ǃʼana
ǃʼana
stand
ki
ki
place
ki
ki
that
,
****
****
****
Translationhe says "oom Klaas, oom Klaas, stop there, stop there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
hallo
hallo
hello
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
"
,
****
****
****
Translationhello, oom Klaas",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ǀai
ǀai
take
xaoke
xao-ke
together****
haa
haa
horse
,
****
****
****
Translation(he) goes and stops the horses

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
mos
mos
indeed
ǃabi
ǃabi
ride
room
room
cream
,
****
****
****
Translationoom Klaas transports cream

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
hooke
hoo-ke
come.from****
ng
ng
OBL
Bosrand
Bosrand
GN
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǁʼaa
ǁʼaa
go.to
Stellenbosch
Stellenbosch
GN
,
****
****
****
Translationhe comes from Bosrand, he goes to Stellenbosch

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
[ha
ha
3H.SG
mos
mos
indeed
****
****
****
...]
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
mos
mos
indeed
ǃabi
ǃabi
ride
room,
room
cream
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǁʼaeʼin
ǁʼaeʼin
?bring.away
room
room
cream
ng
ng
OBL
Stellenbosch,
Stellenbosch
GN
Translationhe take the cream to Stellenbosch

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ha
ha
3H.SG
****
****
****
****
****
****
Translationhe goes and fetches the mail

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǀai
ǀii
take
pos
pos
mail
****
****
****
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
Translationhm

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hm
hm
hm
****
****
****
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ng
ng
and
ǀai
ǀai
take
ng
ng
OBL
pos
pos
mail
,
****
****
****
Translationhe goes and fetches the mail

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǀai
ǀii
take
ǃoo
ǃoo
hold
kara
kar
cart
,
****
****
****
Translationhe stops the cart

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
dyisi
dyisi
what
xae
xae
TQ
,
dyisi
dyisi
what
xae
xae
TQ
,
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
"
,
****
****
****
Translation(OK) "what is this, what is this, no",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
,
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
"
,
"
hey
hey
hey
,
dyisi
dyisi
what
xae
xae
TQ
,
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
"
,
****
****
****
Translation(H) "no, oom Klaas", (OK) "hey, what is this, hare?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
hey
hey
hey
,
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
,
****
****
****
Translation(H) "hey, oom Klaas

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
seeʼin
see-in
come****
tyuu
tyuu
hear
ng
ng
OBL
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
,
****
****
****
Translationcome and listen to hyena

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oom
oom
uncle
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
ka
ka
say
,
ng
ng
1SG
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
,
****
****
****
Translationoom Hyena says I must carry (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
nǀai
nǀai
see
ng
ng
1SG
kakhiin
ka-tyhiin
PL-leg
ʘuunke
ʘuun-ke
DIM-PL
ǂʼain
ǂʼiin
small
,
nǀa
nǀa
and
ng
ng
1SG
kaǃkxʼuu
ka-ǃkxʼuu
PL-foot
****
****
****
Translationdon't you see my legs are small, and my feet ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
oom
oom
uncle
oom
oom
uncle
]
oom
oom
uncle
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
****
****
****
Translationoom Wolf ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǃain
nǃain
big
,
****
****
****
Translationhe is big

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ka
ka
say
ng
ng
1SG
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
,
ng
ng
1SG
ǁʼaa
ǁʼaa
go
,
nya
na
1SG.?
ǁhoo
ǁhoo
put.down
ha
ha
3H.SG
ng
ng
OBL
ǃqao
ǃqao
path
ǁʼng
ǁʼng
move.out
,
****
****
****
Translationhe says I (must) carry (him) and put him down there next to the road

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
tyuu
tyuu
who
,
Translation(OK) "who?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
gǁain,
gǁain
brown.hyena
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
ǁxaea
ǁxae-a
know****
(...),
****
****
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
nǀai,
nǀai
see
ng
ng
1SG
tydi
tyd
time
ǃare,
ǃare
go.past
****
****
****
Translationhyena, do you know, don't you see my time is running away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
[ng]
ng
1SG
ng
ng
1SG
ǃabia
ǃabi-a
ride****
room,
room
cream
a
a
CONN
ng
ng
1SG
ǁʼaaʼin
ǁʼaeʼin
?take.away
room
room
cream
ng
ng
OBL
Stellenbosch,
Stellenbosch
GN
ng
ng
1SG
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
ki
ki
have
a
****
****
(...)",
****
****
****
****
****
TranslationI transport cream, I bring the cream to Stellenbosch, I don't have your (?...)"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
,
a
a
2SG
net
net
only
see
see
come
ng
ng
and
hui
hui
help
ng
ng
1SG
nǀa
nǀa
COM
oom
oom
uncle
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
"
,
****
****
****
Translation(H) "no, just come and help me with oom Wolf",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǂhuun
ǂhuun
jump
ǁhoe
ǁhoe
go.down
,
****
****
****
Translationhe (OK) jumps down (from the cart)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
ǃʼhoonga
ǃʼhuqung-a
greet-IMP.SG
oom
oom
uncle
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
,
ǃʼhoonga
ǃʼhuqung-a
greet-IMP.SG
oom
oom
uncle
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
,
****
****
****
Translation(OK) "good morning, oom Wolf, good morning, om Wolf

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
dyisi
dyisi
what
xae
xae
TQ
"
,
****
****
****
Translationwhat's that?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
,
ng
ng
1SG
xa
xa
PST
kua
ku-a
QUOT****
,
****
****
****
Translation(OP) "no, I said ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
,
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
ke
ke
TF
gǀuu
gǀuu
tell.lie
,
****
****
****
Translationno, the hare lies

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ng
ng
1SG
xa
xa
PST
kua
ku-a
QUOT****
ng
ng
OBL
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
nǀa
nǀa
COM
ng
ng
1SG
"
,
****
****
****
TranslationI said to the hare he must walk together with me",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
a
a
2SG
xa
xa
PST
kua
ku-a
QUOT****
,
ng
ng
1SG
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
a
a
2SG
,
****
****
****
Translationthe hare says "you said I (must) carry you

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ng
ng
1SG
mosi
mos-e
indeed****
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
ki
ki
be.able?
ng
ng
1SG
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
a
a
2SG
,
a
a
2SG
mosi
mos-e
indeed****
nǃain
nǃain
big
,
****
****
****
TranslationI cannot carry you, you are really big

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
2SG
si
si
IRR
ǁhaa
ǁhaa
break
ng
ng
1SG
katyhiin
ka-tyhiin
PL-leg
,
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
nǀai
nǀai
see
ng
ng
1SG
katyhiin
ka-tyhiin
PL-leg
ʘuunke
ʘuun-ke
DIM-PL
"
,
****
****
****
Translationyou will break my legs, don't you see my little legs?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
(...)
****
****
koro
koro
jackal
nǁae
nǁae
then
ku,
ku
QUOT
"hey
hey
hey
****
****
****
Translation(...) the jackal says "hey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dyisi
dyisi
what
a
a
2SG
ǂao
ǂao
want
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
a
a
2SG
"
,
****
****
****
Translationwhy do you want that the hare carries you?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
,
ng
ng
1SG
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
xa
xa
PST
ng
ng
thus
kua
ku-a
QUOT****
"
,
****
****
****
Translation(OP) "no, I did not say this",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
,
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ng
ng
and
tsaa
tsaa
bring
nya
na
1SG.DAT
ng
ng
OBL
ǁhaan
ǁxaan
sack
,
ǁʼaea
ǁʼae-a
go-IMP.SG
ng
ng
and
tsaa
tsaa
bring
nya
na
1SG.DAT
wolsake
wolsak-e
woolsack-PL
"
,
****
****
****
Translationhe (OK) says "hare, go and bring me a sack, go and bring me a woolsack",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
ǁʼang
ǁʼang
go.and
tsaa
tsaa
bring
ha
ha
3H.SG.DAT
wolsak
wolsak
woolsack
,
"
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
ki
ki
place
a
a
this
,
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
,
****
****
****
Translationthe hare goes and brings him a woolsack, (OK) "go in here, oom Klaas

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
,
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
,
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
,
oom
oom
uncle
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
,
****
****
****
Translationgo in, go in, go in, oom Wolf

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
,
oom
oom
uncle
Piet
Piet
Piet
,
****
****
****
Translationgo in, oom Piet

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
,
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
,
****
****
****
Translationgo in, go in

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
,
ǀʼeea
ǀʼee-a
go.in-IMP.SG
"
,
****
****
****
Translationgo in, go in",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
ǁʼaea
ǁʼae-a
go-IMP.SG
ng
ng
and
ǀai
ǀii
fetch
draadsi
draad-si
wire-LOAN.SG
,
****
****
****
Translationhe (OK) says (to H) "go and fetch the wire

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsaaa
tsaa-a
give-IMP.SG
nya
na
1SG.DAT
draadsi
draad-si
wire-LOAN.SG
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂkhaqna
ǂkhaqna
hang
,
nǀa
nǀa
and
tang
tang
tongs
,
****
****
****
Translationbring me the wire that hangs (there), and the tongs

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
si
si
1PL.E
ǁʼngke
ǁʼang-ke
tie****
ǁhaan
ǁxaan
sack
tyuu
tyuu
opening
"
,
****
****
****
Translationwe tie the sack's opening",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ku
ku
QUOT
ng
ng
OBL
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
,
"
ǀaia
ǀii-a
take-IMP.SG
ng
ng
OBL
tsaqm
tsaqm
knobkerrie
"
,
****
****
****
Translationhe (OK) says to the hare "take the kerrie",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
nǀng
nǀng
1SG.Q
dyaa
dyee
do.how
kxʼuu
kxʼuu
do
ng
ng
OBL
tsaqm
tsaqm
knobkerrie
"
,
****
****
****
Translationthe hare says "what do I do with the kerrie?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
nǃoʼe
nǃoʼe
no
,
ǀaia
ǀii-a
take-IMP.SG
ng
ng
OBL
tsaqm
tsaqm
knobkerrie
,
ǀaia
ǀai-a
take-IMP.SG
ng
ng
OBL
tsaqm
tsaqm
knobkerrie
"
,
****
****
****
Translation(OK) "no, take the kerrie, take the kerrie",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
[...]
****
****
****
****
****
Translation(the session was interrupted by a rininging cell phone and a visitor for about 3 minutes)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nou
nou
now
ja
ja
yes
,
****
****
****
Translationwell

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ku
ku
QUOT
ng
ng
OBL
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
,
****
****
****
Translationhe (OK) says to the hare

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
ǀaia
ǀii-a
take-IMP.SG
ng
ng
OBL
tsaqm
tsaqm
knobkerrie
,
ǀkxʼaikea
ǀkxʼai-ke-a
beat****-IMP.SG
,
****
****
****
Translation"take the kerrie and beat (OP)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǀkxʼaikea
ǀkxʼai-ke-a
beat****-IMP.SG
,
Translationbeat (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
au
a-u
2SG.?-UP
****
****
****
ǀkxʼaike,
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
au
a-u
2SG.?-UP
nǀai
nǀai
see
daar
daar
there
nog
nog
still
kaqan,
kaqan
breath
au
a-u
2SG.?-UP
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
ki
ki
place
a
a
this
hau
ha-u
3H.SG-UP
(...)
****
****
kaqan,
kaqan
breath
hau
ha-u
3H.SG-UP
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
ki
ki
place
a,
a
this
au
a-u
2SG.?-UP
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
ki
ki
place
a,
a
this
au
a-u
2SG.?-UP
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
ki
ki
place
a",
a
this
****
****
****
Translationwhen you beat (him), when you see there is still breathing, then you beat (him) here where he breathes, you beat here, you beat here, you beat here",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
a
a
2SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
oom
oom
uncle
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
"
,
oom
oom
uncle
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
nǁae
nǁae
then
"
ai
ai
ai
"
,
****
****
****
Translationhe (OK) says "beat oom Wolf", then oom Wolf (says) "ai",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
"oom
oom
uncle
gǁain,
gǁain
brown.hyena
[...]
****
****
ǁhaan
ǁxaan
sack
dyee
dyee
do.how
tyhaa,
tyhaa
?feel.like
****
****
****
Translation(H) "oom Wolf, how tastes the sack?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǁhaan
ǁxaan
sack
dyee
dyee
be.how
tyhaa
tyhaa
?feel.like
,
haʼa
haʼa
no
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
tyhaaʼi
tyhaaʼi
tasty
"
,
****
****
****
Translationhow tastes the sack, hm, it is tasty",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
ǀkxʼaikea
ǀkxʼai-ke-a
beat****-IMP.SG
,
ǀkxʼaikea
ǀkxʼai-ke-a
beat****-IMP.SG
,
Translationhe (OK) says "beat (him), beat (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
au
a-u
2SG.?-UP
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
,
a
a
CONN
nyau
na-u
1SG.?-UP
hooke
hoo-ke
come.from****
ng
ng
OBL
ki
ki
place
,
ahu
a-u
2SG.?-UP
xa
xa
PST
ǂxamʼa
ǂamʼa
beat
ku
ku
3H.SG
,
****
****
****
Translationwhen you beat (him), when I come back from this place, then you [must] have beaten him

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǀa
nǀa
PURP
ng
ng
1SG
see
see
come
ng
ng
1SG
ǂunn
ǂunn
?EMPH
kaǃaqa
ka-ǃaqa
DIST-shake
ǁhubu
ǁhau
take.out
ku
ku
3H.SG
ng
ng
OBL
ǁhaan
ǁxaan
sack
"
,
****
****
****
Translationso that I can shake him out of the sack",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
,
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
nǁaa
nǁae
then
oro
oro
buck
,
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
nǁaa
nǁae
then
oro
oro
buck
,
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
nǁaa
nǁae
then
oro
oro
buck
,
****
****
****
Translationthe hare beats, he beats the hyena, he beats, the hyena jumps around, the hyena jumps around, the hyena jumps around

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
nǀaa
nǀaa
see
,
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
Translationhe sees the hyena ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
tlhola
tlhola
always
ha
ha
3H.SG
oro
oro
jump
,
****
****
****
Translationdoes not jump around anymore

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
a
a
CONN
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂaqe
ǂaqe
look
Translationhe looks ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǃxoe
ǃxoe
place
ki
ki
that
ha
ha
3H.SG
nog
nog
still
kaqan
kaqan
breath
,
****
****
****
Translationthere he is still breathing

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǂxam
ǂam
trash
,
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂxam
ǂam
trash
,
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂxam
ǂam
trash
,
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂxam
ǂam
trash
,
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂxam
ǂam
trash
,
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂxam
ǂam
beat
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
kxʼuusi
kxʼuu-si
do****
nǂaqa
nǂaqa
kick
,
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him) but?/if? he [OP] is still kicking

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǁae
nǁae
then
nǂaqa
nǂaqa
kick
ǁhaan
ǁxaan
sack
,
****
****
****
Translation(H) kicks the sack

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
khuuǁʼnga
khuuǁʼann-a
risego-IMP.SG
,
****
****
****
Translation(H) "stand up

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
[...]
****
****
nog
nog
still
uin,
uin
live
****
****
****
Translationare you still alive?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
khuuǁʼnga
khuuǁʼann-a
risego-IMP.SG
"
,
Translationstand up",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
haʼa
haʼa
no
Translationno

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
xa
xa
PST
ǀʼaa
ǀʼaa
die
,
****
****
****
Translationhe has died

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǂxam
ǂam
trash
,
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǂxam
ǂam
trash
,
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǂxam
ǂam
trash
****
****
****
Translationhe beats (him)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
(...),
****
****
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
nǀaa
nǀaa
see
gǁain,
gǁain
brown.hyena
ha
ha
3H.SG
xa
xa
PST
ǀʼaa,
ǀʼaa
die
****
****
****
Translationhy sees the hyena has died

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ku
ku
QUOT
,
"
hey
hey
hey
,
oom
oom
uncle
Piet
Piet
Piet
ke
ke
TF
xa
xa
PST
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go.away
,
****
****
****
Translationhe (H) says "hey, oom Piet has gone away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǂkhoe
ǂkhoe
wind
xa
xa
PST
ǀaa
ǀaa
take
oom
oom
uncle
Pieti
Piet-e
Piet****
"
,
****
****
****
Translationthe wind has blown away oom Piet",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
mos
mos
indeed
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
xa
xa
PST
kua
ku-a
QUOT****
,
ng
ng
1SG
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
a
a
2SG
,
****
****
****
Translation(H) "oom Klaas said I (must) beat you

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǀa
nǀa
PURP
ǂkhoe
ǂkhoe
wind
ǀai
ǀii
take
a
a
2SG
,
Translationso that the wind blows you away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
[ng
ng
1SG
ǀai
ǀii
take
...]
****
****
nyau
na-u
1SG.?-UP
sumu
sumu
finish
xa
xa
PST
ǀkxʼaike
ǀkxʼai-ke
beat****
a,
a
2SG
Translation[I take ...] when I have finished to beat ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ng
ng
1SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǀai
ǀii
take
TranslationI take ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǃao
ǃao
stone
,
ng
ng
1SG
gǃai
gǃai
be.on
suin
suin
sit.down
ǃao
ǃao
stone
,
****
****
****
Translationa stone, I sit down on the stone

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ng
ng
1SG
nǀaa
nǀaa
see
a,
a
2SG
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǁae
nǁae
then
ǀai
ǀii
take
ng
ng
OBL
ǃao
ǃao
stone
ʘoang,
ʘoa-ke
DIM****
ha
ha
3H.SG
(...)
****
****
****
****
****
TranslationI see you, he takes (now) the little stone, he (...) ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
[
môre
môre
morning
]
,
****
****
****
Translationgood morning

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
CONN
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǀai
ǀii
take
ng
ng
OBL
ǃao
ǃao
stone
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
gǃai
gǃai
be.on
suin
suin
sit.down
ǃao
ǃao
stone
,
Translationhe takes a stone, he sits down on the stone

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
kaqaʼin
kaqaʼin
wait.for
****
****
****
Translationhe waits for ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ng
ng
OBL
Klaas
Klaas
PN
,
****
****
****
Translationfor Klaas

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hm
hm
hm
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
nog
nog
still
soo
soo
sit
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
nog
nog
still
soo
soo
sit
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
nog
nog
still
soo
soo
sit
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
****
****
****
Translationhe still sits, he still sits, he still sits, he ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǃqoeʼin
ǃqoeʼin
look.around
,
Translationlooks around

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǁae
nǁae
then
nǀaa
nǀaa
see
kara
kar
cart
saa
saa
come
,
****
****
****
Translation(he) sees the cart comes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
see
see
come
(...),
****
****
"hey,
hey
hey
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas,
Klaas
PN
oom
oom
uncle
Klaasi,
Klaas-e
PN****
hii
hii
hii
****
****
****
Translationoom Klaas comes "hey, oom Klaas, oom Klaas, hii ..."

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
ǂhuun
ǂhuun
jump
ǁhoe
ǁhoe
go.down
,
****
****
****
Translationoom Klaas jumps down (from the kart)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǀai
ǀai
take
ǁhaan
ǁxaan
sack
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂunn
ǂunn
?EMPH
kaǃaqa
ka-ǃaqa
DIST-shake
,
****
****
****
Translationhe takes the sack, he shakes (it)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
xa
xa
PST
ǂaua
ǂau-a
beat****
ku
ku
3H.SG
"
,
"
ng
ng
1SG
xa
xa
PST
ǂau
ǂau
beat
"
,
Translation(OK) "did you beat him?" (H) "I beat (him)"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"[tsaa
tsaa
bring
nya
na
1SG.DAT
...]
****
****
ǁʼang
ǁʼang
go.and
ǀaa
ǀaa
take
nya
na
1SG.DAT
tang,
tang
tongs
Translation(OK) "[bring me ...] go and fetch the tongs for me

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
sii
sii
come
,
nya
na
1SG.?
khaqle
khaqre
untie
,
****
****
****
TranslationI come and untie (the sack)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
khaqle
khaqre
untie
,
nǀa
nǀa
and
ha
ha
3H.SG
Translationuntie ? ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǁhaan
ǁxaan
sack
tyuu
tyuu
opening
"
,
****
****
****
Translationthe sack's opening",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǂunn
ǂunn
?EMPH
kaǃaqa
ka-ǃaqa
DIST-shake
ǁhubu
ǁhau
take.out
ǃain
ǃann
brain
,
****
****
****
Translation(he) shakes the brain out

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
o
o
ooh
,
nee
nee
no
,
darem
darem
surely
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
xa
xa
PST
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go.away
,
Translationoh, no, oom Klaas is really gone

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hm
hm
hm
****
****
****
Translationhm

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
ǀaia
ǀii-a
take-IMP.SG
,
ǀaia
ǀii-a
take-IMP.SG
ki
ki
place
,
ǀai
ǀii
take
ku
ku
3H.SG
kaǃkxʼuu
ka-ǃkxʼuu
PL-foot
,
****
****
****
Translation(OK) "take (him), take (him) here, take his feet

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ng
ng
1SG
si
si
IRR
ǀai
ǀii
take
ng
ng
OBL
ki
ki
place
,
****
****
****
TranslationI will take (him) here

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
si
si
1PL.E
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ǂhaun
ǂhaun
pour
ǀʼee
ǀʼee
put.in
ku
ku
3H.SG
ng
ng
OBL
gǁolo
gǁolo
thornbush
,
Translationwe go and pour him into the thornbush

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ǀai
ǀii
take
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
,
si
si
1PL.E
ǂhaun
ǂhaun
pour
ǀʼee
ǀʼee
put.in
ng
ng
OBL
gǁolo
gǁolo
thornbush
,
****
****
****
Translation(we) go and take oom Klaas, we pour (him) into the thornbush

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ha
ha
3H.SG
ku,
ku
QUOT
"kiinya
kiin-a
lie.down-IMP.SG
ki
ki
place
ki,
ki
that
a
a
2SG
mos
mos
indeed
ǂao
ǂao
want
a
a
2SG
ǀhaa,
ǀhaa
kill
(...)
****
****
Translationhe (OK) says "lie there, you want to kill ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ng
ng
OBL
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
Translationthe hare

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
,
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
Translationhare, hare

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǁainya
ǁain-a
climb-IMP.SG
,
****
****
****
Translationclimb up (onto the cart)!

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǁainya,
ǁain-a
climb-IMP.SG
ng
ng
1SG
(si)
si
IRR
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ǂhuun
ǂhuun
jump
ǁhoe,
ǁhoe
get.down
a
a
2SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
(...)
****
****
plaas,
plaas
farm
****
****
****
Translation****

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nǃaun
nǃau
hare
nǁae
nǁae
then
gǃai
gǃai
be.on
soo
soo
sit
,
"
hey
hey
hey
****
****
****
Translationthe hare sits on (the cart) "hey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
xa
xa
PST
amper
amper
almost
ku
ku
be.like
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǀhai
ǀhai
kill
ng
ng
1SG
,
****
****
****
Translationoom Klaas almost killed me

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
[ja
ja
yes
nou
nou
now
...]
****
****
a
a
2SG
xa
xa
PST
darem
darem
surely
huia
hui-a
help****
ng,
ng
1SG
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas",
Klaas
PN
Translationwell, you really helped me, oom Klaas",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
ja
ja
yes
,
a
a
CONN
ng
ng
1SG
xa
xa
PST
huia
hui-a
help****
a
a
2SG
,
Translation(OK) "yes, I helped you

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maar
maar
but
ǁaaʼa
ǁaa-a
NEG.IMP-IMP.SG
gǀoe
gǀoqe
again
,
au
a-u
2SG-UP
nǀai
nǀai
see
ǃuu
ǃui
person
hu
ha-u
3H.SG-UP
ǃʼai
ǃʼai
call
a
a
2SG
,
****
****
****
Translationbut ? ? who calls you

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
2SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go.away
,
****
****
****
Translationyou go away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǂhuun
ǂhuun
jump
ǁʼaea
ǁʼae-a
go****
,
****
****
****
Translationjump away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
2SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ǀʼee
ǀʼee
go.in
ǃoo
ǃoo
hole
,
****
****
****
Translationyou go into the hole

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
2SG
ǃoo
ǃoo
hole
Translationyour hole

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
****
****
****
ǂhuun
ǂhuun
jump
ǁʼaea
ǁʼae-a
go****
,
ǁaaʼa
ǁaa-a
NEG.IMP-IMP.SG
gǀoe
gǀoqe
again
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
****
****
****
Translationjump away, don't go there again

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ǃuun
ǃuun
go
ǀʼee
ǀʼee
go.in
ǃoo
ǃoo
hole
,
****
****
****
Translationgo into the hole

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
2SG
ǀʼee
ǀʼee
go.in
ǃoo
ǃoo
hole
,
maar
maar
but
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǁaa
ǁaa
NEG.IMP
ha
ha
3H.SG
nǀaa
nǀaa
see
a
a
2SG
,
****
****
****
Translationgo into the hole, but he must not see you

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
CONN
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
goba
*gob-a
********
gǃai
gǃai
be.on
tyiin
tyiin
lie.down
ǃoo
ǃoo
hole
ng
ng
OBL
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.OBL
"
,
****
****
****
Translation****

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"ng
ng
1SG
ǁala
ǁala
IRR.NEG
tlhola
tlhola
usually
ng
ng
thus
kxʼuu,
kxʼuu
do
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas,
Klaas
PN
ng
ng
1SG
(...)
****
****
si
si
IRR
ǂhuun
ǂhuun
jump
ǁʼaa",
ǁʼaa
go.away
"ja,
ja
yes
ǂhuun
ǂhuun
jump
ǁʼaea,
ǁʼae-a
go.away-IMP.SG
****
****
****
Translation(H) "I will not do this anymore, oom Klaas, I will jump away", (OK) "yes, jump away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nyau
na-u
1SG.?-UP
ǁu
ǁu
NEG
xa
xa
PST
tsee
tsee
day
ki
ki
place
a,
a
this
(...)
****
****
Translationif I had not come here ...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
koro
koro
jackal
,
dinges
dinges
what.do.you.call.it
,
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
xa
xa
PST
si
si
IRR
ǀhaa
ǀhaa
kill
a
a
2SG
,
****
****
****
Translationthen jackal, what's-his-name, hyena would have killed you

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gǀa
gǀa
2SG.Q
xa
xa
PST
kua
ku-a
QUOT-BEN
nya
na
1SG.DAT
,
dankie
dankie
thanks
"
,
"
ja
ja
yes
,
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
,
dankie
dankie
thanks
,
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
,
****
****
****
Translationdid you says thank you to me?" (H) "yes, oom Klaas, thank you, oom Klaas

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dankie
dankie
thanks
,
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
"
,
Translationthank you, oom Klaas",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
ǁaaʼa
ǁaa-a
NEG.IMP-IMP.SG
gǀoe
gǀoqe
again
ng
ng
thus
kxʼuua
kxʼuu-a
do****
,
a
a
CONN
hu
ha-u
3H.SG-UP
ǃuu
ǃui
person
ǃʼai
ǃʼai
call
a
a
2SG
,
au
a-u
2SG-UP
ǂhuun
ǂhuun
jump
ǁʼaa
ǁʼaa
go
,
****
****
****
Translation"you must not do this again, if someone calls you, then you run away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
2SG
ǁʼae
ǁʼae
go
ǀʼee
ǀʼee
go.in
****
****
****
a
a
2SG
nǁng
nǁng
house
,
Translationyou go into your house

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
a
2SG
nǁng
nǁng
house
mosi
mos-e
indeed****
ng
ng
COP
ǃoo
ǃoo
hole
"
,
****
****
****
Translationyour house is just a hole",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
ja
ja
yes
,
oom
oom
uncle
Klaas
Klaas
PN
Translation(H) "yes, oom Klaas

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ja
ja
yes
"
,
Translationyes",

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
"
ǁaaʼa
ǁaa-a
NEG.IMP-IMP.SG
tlhola
tlhola
usually
ng
ng
thus
kxʼuu
kxʼuu
do
,
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
xa
xa
PST
kua
ku-a
QUOT****
,
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǂao
ǂao
want
ha
ha
3H.SG
ǀhaa
ǀhaa
kill
a
a
2SG
,
****
****
****
Translation"you must not do this again, the hyena said he wants to kill you

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
he
he
3NH.SG.?
ki
ki
thing
a
a
this
ka
ka
say
gǁain
gǁain
brown.hyena
ka
ka
say
a
a
2SG
ǃʼao
ǃʼao
carry.on.back
ha
ha
3H.SG
"
,
****
****
****
Translation****

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ja
ja
yes
****
****
****
Translationyes

Text viewUtterance view