Interlinear glossed text

31_SohmyntingInterview_1

Recording date2012-05-27
Speaker age63
Speaker sexm
Text genrepersonal narrative
Extended corpusyes



Word
Morpheme
Gloss
EMPTY
EMPTY
EMPTY
Translation`EMPTY.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
To
to
ok
nga
nga
1sg.top
uHainsar
u=hainsar
M=Hainsar
Phawa
phawa
Phawa
,
sohmynting
sohmynting
Sohmynting
,
heipor
he-i=por
LOC-N=time
yong
yong
GEN
nga
nga
1sg.top
i
i
1pl
wa
wa
NMZ
dang
dang
CONT
man
man
become
o
o
1sg.nom
ukhynnah
u=khynnah
M=little.one
chare
chare
herd
blang
blang
goat
,
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
wa
wa
NMZ
ar
ar
two
man
man
become
o
o
1sg.nom
urap
u=rap
NF=grow
chran
chran
mature
o
o
1sg.nom
khajiak
khajiak
be.little
,
chare
chare
herd
masi
masi
cow
o
o
1sg.nom
.
Translation`I am Hainsar Phawa, when i was a child i used to watched the goat and later when i was a bit older i used to watched the cattles.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Manda
man****da
become****REAL
chare
chare
herd
masi
masi
cow
o
o
1sg.nom
æm
æm
have
o
o
1sg.nom
kam
kam
like;want
wa
wa
NMZ
ynñiaw
ynñiaw
seven
snem
snæm
year
,
sdang
sdang
begin
o
o
1sg.nom
uloor
u=loor
NF=plow
masi
masi
cow
,
loor
loor
plow
masi
masi
cow
læh
læh
also
chibæt
chibæt
later
chipor
chi-por
one-time
da
da
REAL
ngiah
ngiah
tired
o
o
1sg.nom
,
chong
chong
sit
o
o
1sg.nom
chong
chong
sit
o
o
1sg.nom
chipor
chi-por
one-time
cha
cha
ALL
'
stiar
stiar
bund
hali
hali
paddy.field
,
neitæ
ne-i=
ABL-N=nvis
yeñ
yeñ
stand
lai
lai
go
liloor
li-loor
DUR-plow
o
o
1sg.nom
.
Translation`I was about 7 years when i watched the cattle, i began ploughing, i ploughed for sometimes and rest for sometimes because i was tired.'; 'stiar (a mud partition in a paddy field which seperates one bed from another).'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Dang
dang
CONT
chna
chna
make
lyngkor
lyngkor
plow
upa
u=pa
M=father
ya
ya
BEN
nga
nga
1sg.top
da
da
REAL
kakhian
ka=khian
RES=be.small
ne
ne
or
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
wa
wa
NMZ
ym
ym
NEG
yee
yee
able
o
o
1sg.nom
uloor
u=loor
NF=plow
kam
kam
like;want
wa
wa
NMZ
loor
loor
plow
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
hæh
hæh
be.big
da
da
REAL
kahæh
ka=hæh
RES=be.big
kalyngkor
ka=lyngkor
F=plow
.
Translation`my father made a small plough for me as i cannot plough the land with big ones as the elder did.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hynrei
hynre
but.also

nvis
nongchari
nong-chari
ag.nmz-cowboy
,

nvis
nang
nang
CONT
slæm
slæm
be.late
kipor
ki=por
PL=time
nang
nang
CONT
hæh
hæh
be.big
chare
chare
herd
masi
masi
cow
dæp
dæp
CPLV
neitæ
ne-i=
ABL-N=nvis

nvis
,
nawa
na-wa
ABL-NMZ
chare
chare
herd
masi
masi
cow
læh
læh
also
im
im
live
heiræp
he-i=ræp
LOC-N=cultivate
heiriang
he-i=riang
LOC-N=plant.type
,
heipooh
he-i=pooh
LOC-N=cut
heidaiñ
he-i=daiñ
LOC-N=cut
ya
ya
BEN
kapynthor
ka=pynthor
F=paddy.field
kba
kba
rice[paddy]
,

nvis
ræp
ræp
cultivate
salah
salah
potato
,
dæp
dæp
CPLV
neitæ
ne-i=
ABL-N=nvis
ulai
u=lai
NF=go
skur
skur
school
læh
læh
also
ym
ym
NEG
yoh
yoh
get
lad
lad
way
.
Translation`time passed by as a cowboy, we lived on agriculture, we cultivated paddy, potato and we don't have the opportunity to go to school.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Katwa
kat-wa
as-NMZ
dang
dang
CONT
dooh
dooh
lose
kibei
ki=bei
PL=mother
kipa
ki=pa
PL=father
,
i
i
1pl
im
im
live
bait
bait
IMM3
dooh
dooh
completely
hi
hi
EMPH
ræp
ræp
cultivate
hi
hi
EMPH
khih
khih
work
,

nvis
kat
kat
as
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
kapor
ka=por
F=time

nvis
kani
ka=ni
F=prox
kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
sohmyntiñ
sohmynting
Sohmynting
yong
yong
GEN
i
i
1pl
læh
læh
also
nang
nang
CONT
dooh
dooh
completely
kakhloo
ka=khloo
F=forest
kadeiñ
ka=deiñ
F=tree
cheini
che-i=ni
ALL-N=prox
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
wa
wa
NMZ
dang
dang
CONT
joor
joor
extremely
kakseh
ka=ksæh
F=pine.tree
.
Translation`because our parents were poor, we lived on agriculture only, during those times even our village is still full of jungle, forest and trees.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
læh
læh
also
dang
dang
CONT
khloo
khloo
forest
dang
dang
CONT
kteih
kteih
dirt;mud
,
ym
ym
NEG
pu
pu
not
æm
æm
have
surok
surok
road
,
kamni
kam-ni
as;like-prox
dang
dang
CONT
du
du
only
kakteih
ka=kteih
F=dirt;mud
ulai
u=lai
NF=go
,
dang
dang
CONT
siang
siang
slab;spoon
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
hæh
hæh
be.big
da
da
INST
kimoo
ki=moo
PL=stone
uwi
u=wi
M=one
uwi
u=wi
M=one
sa
sa
only
ar
ar
two
tymbood
tymbood
follow
luti
luti
way
.
Translation`our village was still a jungle and muddy, there were no tar road as we have now, our elders pave stone in the way.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Charood
cha-rood
ALL-outside
dooh
dooh
completely
kaait
ka=ait
F=dung
sniang
sniang
pig;pork
wa
wa
NMZ
rbæn
rbæn
thick
,
ym
ym
NEG
lait
lait
free;escape
ulai
u=lai
NF=go
uwan
u=wan
NF=come
,
du
du
only
na
na
ABL
jrong
jrong
above
moo
moo
stone
,

nvis
nang
nang
CONT
slæm
slæm
be.late
kipor
ki=por
PL=time
nang
nang
CONT
kylla
kylla
change
,
nang
nang
CONT
mih
mih
bring.out
kisnæm
ki=snæm
PL=year
nang
nang
CONT
kylla
kylla
change

nvis
kajuk
ka=juk
F=generation;youth
hadooh
ha-dooh
LOC-when
wa
wa
NMZ
poi
poi
arrive
kisnæm
ki=snæm
PL=year
tip
tip
know
kisnæm
ki=snæm
PL=year
ym
ym
NEG
æm
æm
have
ukynmoo
u=kynmoo
NF=remember
bha
bha
INTS1
o
o
1sg.nom
itu
i=tu
N=medl
wa
wa
NMZ
sdang
sdang
begin
uyoh
u=yoh
NF=get
surok
surok
road
na
na
ABL
kablock
ka=block
F=block
.
Translation`sideways were full of pig's waste, the only way is the paved stones, but time went by, there was a change, i don't remember the year in which we got a road from the block.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kisnæm
ki=snæm
PL=year
ynruphaw
ynruphaw
sixty
,
ynruphaw
ynruphaw
sixty
le
le
three
kop
kop
be.fierce
de
de
neg.ints
sdang
sdang
begin
uyoh
u=yoh
NF=get
surok
surok
road
na
na
ABL
kablock
ka=block
F=block
,
manda
man****da
become****REAL
yoh
yoh
get
surok
surok
road
na
na
ABL
kablock
ka=block
F=block
,

nvis
wan
wan
come
kikari
ki=kari
PL=car
kimotor
ki=motor
PL=motor.vehicle
.
Translation`I think it's the year 60 or 63 that we got a road from the block, when the road was constucted then the cars starts coming.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Lait
lait
free;escape
ki
ki
3pl
wan
wan
come
kit
kit
carry(sling)
mar
mar
belongings
ya
ya
BEN
i
i
1pl
cheini
che-i=ni
ALL-N=prox
,
kit
kit
carry(sling)
deiñ
deiñ
tree
kubit
kubit
tree.type
,
iwon
i=won
N=which
won
won
which
ijingæmkam
i=jing-æmkam
N=ab.NMZ-need
yoh
yoh
get
ukit
u=kit
NF=carry(sling)
cha
cha
ALL
jwai
jwai
Jowai
cha
cha
ALL
laban
laban
Laban
.
Translation`the cars came and brought us goods like timber, and we could sent our things to jowai and shillong as well.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kam
kam
like;want
kiyi
ki=yi
PL=thing
kijait
ki=jait
PL=type
kari
kari
car

nvis
ipor
i=por
N=time
Translation`what are the types of cars that came those days.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heitæ
he-i=
LOC-N=nvis
ipor
i=por
N=time
sdang
sdang
begin
wan
wan
come
kijip
ki=jip
PL=jeep
,
hadien
ha-dein
LOC-back
neitæ
ne-i=
ABL-N=nvis
wan
wan
come
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kibetford
ki=betford
PL=Bedford
,
kigmc
ki=gmc
PL=GMC
kitu
ki=tu
PL=medl
wa
wa
NMZ
ong
ong
say
ki
ki
3pl
kichevrolet
ki=chevrolet
PL=Chevrolet
syndem
syndem
sedan
,
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
jrong
jrong
be.long
khmut
khmut
nose
se
sa
only
terter
tær-tær
so.onD.TAG

****
****
.
Translation`at that time jeep came, then the bedfort and gmc, just like the chevroletthat has a long bonnet.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

nvis
hadien
ha-dein
LOC-back
neitæ
ne-i=
ABL-N=nvis
da
da
REAL
lai
lai
go
kitæ
ki=
PL=nvis
neibhah
ne-i=bhah
ABL-N=cause
wan
wan
come
yn
yn
REF
sa
sa
only
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kishaktiman
ki=shaktiman
PL=Shaktiman
kiSmodel
ki=S-model
PL=S-model
ha
ha
LOC
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kijuk
ki=juk
PL=generation;youth
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
katni
kat-ni
as-prox
,
neitæ
ne-i=
ABL-N=nvis
yn
yn
REF
wan
wan
come
yn
yn
REF
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kimajarbus
ki=majar****bus
PL=bazaar****bus
,
wan
wan
come
kit
kit
carry(sling)
bru
bru
person
ki
ki
3pl
,
wan
wan
come
kmai
kmai
be.great
ki
ki
3pl
cha
cha
ALL
kani
ka=ni
F=prox
kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
yong
yong
GEN
i
i
1pl
.
Translation`then came the shaktiman(four wheel), then the S-model (big trucks) at present, then came the bazaar bus (bus that carry passenger) for tranporting.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Dap
dap
fill
yn
yn
REF

nvis
ha
ha
LOC
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kisngi
ki=sngi
PL=day
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
katni
kat-ni
as-prox
wan
wan
come
da
da
REAL
mih
mih
bring.out
surok
surok
road
da
da
REAL
yoh
yoh
get
i
i
1pl
kasurok
ka=surok
F=road
psiang
psiang
tar
,
dæp
dæp
CPLV
yn
yn
REF

nvis
wan
wan
come
sa
sa
only
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kikari
ki=kari
PL=car
khian
khian
be.small
,
sa
sa
only
kisumo
ki=sumo
PL=sumo
sa
sa
only
kiindica
ki=indica
PL=Indica
,
kiboonjait
ki=boon****jait
PL=be.much****type
kikari
ki=kari
PL=car
wa
wa
NMZ
wan
wan
come
ha
ha
LOC
kani
ka=ni
F=prox
kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
yong
yong
GEN
i
i
1pl
.
Translation`at present we have the tar roads and small cars used to come, like sumo and indica and different types of small cars.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kiyi
ki=yi
PL=thing
kijait
ki=jait
PL=type
kikari
ki=kari
PL=car
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
æm
æm
have
nyngkong
nyngkong
be.first
dooh
dooh
completely
ha
ha
LOC
kani
ka=ni
F=prox
kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
?
Translation`what are the first types of car you have in this vill.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Kapower
ka=power
F=power
wagon
wagon
wagon
heiyong
he-i=yong
LOC-N=be.black
i
i
1pl
nga
nga
1sg.top
wa
wa
NMZ
yah
yah
drive;lead
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
itæ
i=
N=nvis
ipor
i=por
N=time
.
Translation`it was the power wagon, i drove that car.';.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Mut
mut
means
phi
phi
2pl
nyngkong
nyngkong
be.first
dooh
dooh
completely
wa
wa
NMZ
yah
yah
drive;lead
kari
kari
car
?
Translation`that means you were the first one to drive a car.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hao
ha-o
yes
wa
wa
NMZ
yah
yah
drive;lead
kari
kari
car
ha
ha
LOC
kani
ka=ni
F=prox
kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
.
Translation`yes i was the first to drive a car in this village.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Usnæm
u=snæm
M=year
ynñiawphaw
ynñiawphaw
seventy
sdang
sdang
begin
o
o
1sg.nom
uyah
u=yah
NF=drive;lead
kari
kari
car
.
Translation`I started driving in 1970.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
cha
cha
ALL
kiwi
ki=wi
PL=one
yn
yn
REF
kichnong
ki=chnong
PL=village
,
wa
wa
NMZ
marjan
mar****jan
belongings****be.near
ne
ne
or
cha
cha
ALL
jwai
jwai
Jowai
da
da
REAL
æm
æm
have
kari
kari
car
da
da
REAL
boon
boon
be.much
kari
kari
car
?
Translation`are there many cars in the neighbouring village or jwai.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Da
da
REAL
æm
æm
have
kari
kari
car
ar
ar
two
tylli
tylli
CL.piece
,
le
le
three
tylli
tylli
CL.piece
,
boon
boon
be.much
ym
ym
NEG
pu
pu
not
æm
æm
have
.
Translation`not many,as few as two or three.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Dang
dang
CONT
yatipmit
ya-tipmit
BEN-recognize
para
para
among
wa
wa
NMZ
æm
æm
have
kari
kari
car
?
Translation`You still know who has and who doesn't have cars'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Hao
ha-o
yes
.
Translation`yes.';.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Yee
yee
able
phi
phi
2pl
ukynmoo
u=kynmoo
NF=remember
i
i
1pl
dei
de-i
INST-1pl
wa
wa
NMZ
æm
æm
have
kari
kari
car
?
Translation`you still remember who else had cars at that time.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Wa
wa
NMZ
æm
æm
have
kari
kari
car
kattæ
kat-
as-nvis
ipor
i=por
N=time

nvis
kynmoo
kynmoo
remember
o
o
1sg.nom
utu
u=tu
M=medl
u
u
3sg.M.nom
wa
wa
NMZ
ong
ong
say
ki
ki
3pl
ulonet
u=lonet
M=Lonet
lato
lato
Lato
ne
ne
or
,
ki
ki
3pl
kabus
ka=bus
F=bus
khian
khian
be.small
kam
kam
like;want
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
position
position
position
Mynkhon
myn****khon
after;irrealis****child
,
dæp
dæp
CPLV
yn
yn
REF

nvis

nvis
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
ki
ki
3pl
umoorsing
u=moorsing
M=Moorsing
wa
wa
NMZ
æm
æm
have
kari
kari
car
,
kynmoo
kynmoo
remember
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
ipor
i=por
N=time
da
da
REAL
yn
yn
REF
du
du
only
kitæ
ki=
PL=nvis
hi
hi
EMPH
wa
wa
NMZ
æm
æm
have
kari
kari
car
,
bus
bus
bus
se
sa
only
hapoh
ha-poh
LOC-under;in
jwai
jwai
Jowai
.
Translation`I remember one Lonet Lato he had a small bus like.'., and Moorsing they are the only person who had cars, bus in jwai.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Dæp
dæp
CPLV
yn
yn
REF

nvis
hawa
hawa
when
wan
wan
come
yn
yn
REF
tu
tu
medl
kasngi
ka=sngi
F=day
yaw
yaw
market

nvis
wan
wan
come
kibus
ki=bus
PL=bus
eh
eh
leave
na
na
ABL
khyriem
khynriam
Khynriem
,
na
na
ABL
laban
laban
Laban
,
heisngi
he-i=sngi
LOC-N=day
yaw
yaw
market
jwai
jwai
Jowai
.
Translation`and only in the market day buses from shillong and jwai came.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

nvis
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
ki
ki
3pl
.
.
?
itæ
i=
N=nvis
por
por
time
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kigmc
ki=gmc
PL=GMC
læh
læh
also
dang
dang
CONT
duna
duna
lack
ki
ki
3pl
toh
toh
be
æm
æm
have
eh
eh
leave
kawi
ka=wi
F=one
ar
ar
two
tylli
tylli
CL.piece
.
Læh
læh
also
wa
wa
NMZ
æm
æm
have
eh
eh
leave
kai
kai
flow;spill
utu
u=tu
M=medl
ukwin
u=kwin
M=Kwin
lamat
lamat
Lamat
na
na
ABL
pasyih
pasyih
Pasyih
.
Translation`so the ', and the gmc are very few only one or two can be found, the was owned only by Kwin Lamat from Pasyih Village.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

nvis
heipor
he-i=por
LOC-N=time
dang
dang
CONT
khian
khian
be.small
phi
phi
2pl
mut
mut
means
da
da
REAL
man
man
become
kristan
kristan
christian
lut
lut
finish
kibru
ki=bru
PL=person
waroh
waroh
all
ha
ha
LOC
kani
ka=ni
F=prox
kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
mo
mo
QTAG
?
Translation`all the people became christian since your childhood in this village'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Kat
kat
as
ipor
i=por
N=time
wa
wa
NMZ
dang
dang
CONT
khian
khian
be.small
o
o
1sg.nom

nvis
kat
kat
as
kam
kam
like;want
wa
wa
NMZ
tip
tip
know
o
o
1sg.nom

nvis
da
da
REAL
boon
boon
be.much
ki
ki
3pl
man
man
become
kristan
kristan
christian
,
du
du
only
cheini
che-i=ni
ALL-N=prox
ha
ha
LOC
loom
loom
hill
pyrtooh
pyn-tooh
CAUS-steal
wa
wa
NMZ
dang
dang
CONT
man
man
become
khasi
khasi
Khasi
kibru
ki=bru
PL=person
ym
ym
NEG
pu
pu
not
æm
æm
have
uman
u=man
NF=become
kristan
kristan
christian
.
Translation`as far as i know know most people are christians since my childhood, non christian are found only in this locality loom pyrtooh.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heini
he-i=ni
LOC-N=prox
ha
ha
LOC
loom
loom
hill
pyrtooh
pyn-tooh
CAUS-steal

nvis
man
man
become
kristan
kristan
christian
kibru
ki=bru
PL=person
na
na
ABL
utæ
u=
M=nvis
usnæm
u=snæm
M=year
wa
wa
NMZ
wan
wan
come
Niangthoh
niangthoh
spotted.infection
,
yoh
yoh
get
kibru
ki=bru
PL=person

nvis
hadien
ha-dein
LOC-back
neitæ
ne-i=
ABL-N=nvis

nvis
man
man
become
kristan
kristan
christian
lut
lut
finish
ki
ki
3pl
,
ym
ym
NEG
tip
tip
know
de
de
neg.ints
ki
ki
3pl
ya
ya
BEN
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
kaniam
ka=niam
F=tradition
karukom
ka=rukom
F=way
yong
yong
GEN
rim
rim
be.old
yong
yong
GEN
jah
jah
be.aged
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
kylla
kylla
change
kristan
kristan
christian
ki
ki
3pl
.
Translation`here in loom pyrtooh people started to convert into christianity since the coming of .'., all the people got .'., and since then conveted into christian they don't know anymore of the traditional belief.';.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
utæ
u=
M=nvis
uNiangthoh
u=niangthoh
M=spotted.infection

nvis
mut
mut
means
kam
kam
like;want
uNiang
u=niang
M=Niang
.
.
?
Translation`this Nangthoh was like'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Cheitoh
che-i=toh
ALL-N=be
re
re
any
.
Translation`no it's not.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

nvis
kichnong
ki=chnong
PL=village
toh
toh
be
ong
ong
say
ki
ki
3pl
o
o
1sg.nom
kiblai
ki=blai
PL=God

D.TAG

C.TAG
kichnong
ki=chnong
PL=village
tang
tang
but;even
cha
cha
ALL
i
i
1pl

nvis
ong
ong
say
iNiangthoh
i=niangthoh
N=spotted.infection

D.TAG

C.TAG
,
wa
wa
NMZ
man
man
become
kikhmat
ki=khmat
PL=eye
kikhmut
ki=khmut
PL=nose
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
sih
sih
be.sad;bad
dur
dur
picture
kamwa
kam-wa
as;like-NMZ
,
katu
ka=tu
F=medl
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
wa
wa
NMZ
thohrew
thohrew
blister
wa
wa
NMZ
thlu
thlu
hole
wa
wa
NMZ
thung
thung
plant;appoint
.
Translation` non christian said it's the goddess, but we knew it as Nangthoh, the face was ugly and its like having small holes. (I think its chicken pox im not sure :cross check); .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ini
i=ni
N=prox
ha
ha
LOC
i
i
1pl
læh
læh
also
sa
sa
only
katwon
katwon
how.much
ngut
ngut
CL.human
kitu
ki=tu
PL=medl
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
dang
dang
CONT
chana
chana
seen
sa
sa
only
le
le
three
ngut
ngut
CL.human
kimarieh
ki=marieh
PL.nmz=believe;assume
,
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
man
man
become
kam
kam
like;want

nvis
se
sa
only
.
Translation`here in our village we still have i don't know how many who suffered from this disease, i think three of them still can see.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Heirta
he-i=reta
LOC-N=age
yong
yong
GEN
phi
phi
2pl
jooh
jooh
HAB
kynmoo
kynmoo
remember
phi
phi
2pl
wa
wa
NMZ
æm
æm
have
wa
wa
NMZ
jooh
jooh
HAB
wan
wan
come
kakhlam
ka=khlam
F=plague
heini
he-i=ni
LOC-N=prox
ha
ha
LOC
chnong
chnong
village
?
Translation`In your age do you remmber any plague that happened here in your vill.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Heirta
he-i=reta
LOC-N=age
yong
yong
GEN

nvis
ya
ya
BEN
kakhlam
ka=khlam
F=plague

nvis
ym
ym
NEG
æm
æm
have
ukynmoo
u=kynmoo
NF=remember
o
o
1sg.nom
du
du
only
ya
ya
BEN
utæ
u=
M=nvis
hi
hi
EMPH
uniangthoh
u=niangthoh
M=spotted.infection
u
u
3sg.M.nom
wa
wa
NMZ
boon
boon
be.much
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
yap
yap
die

C.TAG
.
Translation`I don remember any, i only knew about this Nangthoh because it claimed so many lives.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Mut
mut
means
da
da
REAL
lithang
li-thang
DUR-burn
man
man
become
kasngi
ka=sngi
F=day
bait
bait
direct
,
kitæ
ki=
PL=nvis
kisnæm
ki=snæm
PL=year

nvis
ym
ym
NEG
æm
æm
have
ukynmoo
u=kynmoo
NF=remember
bha
bha
INTS1
o
o
1sg.nom

nvis
jan
jan
be.near
nga
nga
1sg.top
kat
kat
as
itæ
i=
N=nvis
dang
dang
CONT
chare
chare
herd
masi
masi
cow
o
o
1sg.nom
.
Translation`there was cremation everyday, and i don't clearly remember It might be when I'm still a cowboy.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kisnæm
ki=snæm
PL=year
e
e
give
uong
u=ong
NF=say
boi
boi
should
kisnæm
ki=snæm
PL=year
sanphaw
sanphaw
fifty
le
le
three
sanphaw
sanphaw
fifty
soo
soo
four
kitu
ki=tu
PL=medl
kisnæm
ki=snæm
PL=year
jan
jan
be.near

hey
.
.
.
snæm
snæm
year
ynru
ynru
six
thain
thain
plain;flat

nvis
da
da
REAL
ræp
ræp
cultivate
o
o
1sg.nom
.
Translation`I think its in the year 53-54, near there, in 1960 i was (already) doing agriculture.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

nvis
ste
ste
****
uniangthoh
u=niangthoh
M=spotted.infection
usnæm
u=snæm
M=year
60
60
60

nvis
yn
yn
REF
nga
nga
1sg.top
da
da
REAL
ræp
ræp
cultivate
o
o
1sg.nom

nvis
kat
kat
as
wa
wa
NMZ
wan
wan
come
u
u
3sg.M.nom

nvis
nga
nga
1sg.top
nang
nang
CONT
chare
chare
herd
masi
masi
cow
o
o
1sg.nom
.
Translation`that's what about Nangthoh, i started agri in 60 ,Nangthoh came when i still watched the cattle.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
EMPTY
EMPTY
EMPTY
Translation`(Conversations);.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ma
ma
hon.M
kamtæ
kam-
as;like-nvis
ha
ha
LOC
wa
wa
NMZ
ræp
ræp
cultivate
o
o
1sg.nom
mo
mo
QTAG
wan
wan
come
uniangthoh
u=niangthoh
M=spotted.infection
?
Bhah
bhah
cause
nga
nga
1sg.top
kynmoo
kynmoo
remember
utu
u=tu
M=medl
usnæm
u=snæm
M=year
se
sa
only
wa
wa
NMZ
joor
joor
extremely
bha
bha
INTS1
wa
wa
NMZ
yap
yap
die
niangthoh
niangthoh
spotted.infection
.
Translation`if so, Nangthoh came in the years that i began agri or what Because i remember that in that year so many died of Nangthoh.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
EMPTY
EMPTY
EMPTY
Translation`(Conversations);.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

nvis
halor
ha-lor
LOC-top
utæ
u=
M=nvis
uniangthoh
u=niangthoh
M=spotted.infection
chwa
chwa
before
yn
yn
REF

nvis
dang
dang
CONT
æm
æm
have
kiparom
ki=parom
PL.nmz=tell.story
wa
wa
NMZ
tip
tip
know
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
hæh
hæh
be.big
wa
wa
NMZ
jooh
jooh
HAB
æm
æm
have
wa
wa
NMZ
kjut
kjut
hurt;sick
khlam
khlam
plague
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
wa
wa
NMZ
poi
poi
arrive
?
Translation`besides bdfore Nangthoh are there any story you knew about any plague that happened.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Hachwa
ha-chwa
LOC-before
itæ
i=
N=nvis
na
na
ABL
ai
ai
PTNL

nvis
i
i
1pl
wa
wa
NMZ
tip
tip
know
i
i
1pl
du
du
only
wa
wa
NMZ
parom
parom
tell.story
hi
hi
EMPH
kabei
ka=bei
F=mother
se
sa
only
,
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
dang
dang
CONT
khian
khian
be.small
ko
ko
3sg.F.nom

nvis
neibhah
ne-i=bhah
ABL-N=cause
kani
ka=ni
F=prox
kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
sohmynting
sohmynting
Sohmynting

nvis
da
da
REAL
boon
boon
be.much
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
yut
yut
run.away
chnong
chnong
village
.
Translation`before that i knew only a story that my mother used to tell, in her childhood so many people fled from this vill.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
neini
ne-i=ni
ABL-N=prox
na
na
ABL
wah
wah
river
chnong
chnong
village
da
da
REAL
yut
yut
run.away
chnong
chnong
village
ki
ki
3pl
heitai
he-i=tai
LOC-N=distal
ha
ha
LOC
saphoh
sohphoh
Sohphoh
ha
ha
LOC
kseh
ksæh
pine.tree
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
ki
ki
3pl
yong
yong
GEN
Nonghuloo
nonghuloo
Nonghuloo
,

nvis
utæ
u=
M=nvis
uwoh
u=woh
M=hon.M.elder
soh
soh
fruit
i
i
1pl
ne
ne
or
wa
wa
NMZ
dang
dang
CONT
dee
dee
OH!
wa
wa
NMZ
oo
oo
3sg.M.top
wa
wa
NMZ
lie
li-e
DUR-give
khoo
khoo
rice[husked]
wa
wa
NMZ
lie
li-e
DUR-give
bam
bam
eat
ya
ya
BEN
ki
ki
3pl
ha
ha
LOC
utu
u=tu
M=medl
uloom
u=loom
M=hill
kynjoiñ
kynjoiñ
stack
ha
ha
LOC
Moophrih
moophrih
Moophrih
.
Translation`the people down this vill fled to Sohphoh to the trees of the Nonghuloo clan, and there was this Woh Soh who used to brought rice and food in the Moophrih Hill.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ha
ha
LOC
utu
u=tu
M=medl
lie
li-e
DUR-give
bam
bam
eat
u
u
3sg.M.nom
ya
ya
BEN
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
khyryiaw
khyryiaw
shout
u
u
3sg.M.nom
wan
wan
come
rap
rap
grow
ni
ni
prox
bam
bam
eat

nvis
ki
ki
3pl
lihim
li-him
DUR-take
lihim
li-him
DUR-take
dæp
dæp
CPLV
ki
ki
3pl
lihim
li-him
DUR-take

nvis
libooh
li-booh
DUR-put;keep
ki
ki
3pl

nvis
itiar
i=tiar
N=things
itar
i=tar
N=stuff
dæp
dæp
CPLV

nvis

nvis
uñ
uñ
return
uñ
uñ
return
biang
biang
again
ki
ki
3pl
libooh
li-booh
DUR-put;keep
kitu
ki=tu
PL=medl
kynrawkynræh
kynraw-kynræh
useless.things
ya
ya
BEN
u
u
3sg.M.nom
kitu
ki=tu
PL=medl
cha
cha
ALL
yung
yung
home
.
Translation`he shouted and called them to take the food, they took the food from him and return his u-tensils so that he could take it home with him.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ym
ym
NEG
hoi
hoi
be.well
uyachæm
u=ya-chæm
NF=BEN-meet
,
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
kapor
ka=por
F=time
kakhlam
ka=khlam
F=plague
,

nvis
heitæ
he-i=
LOC-N=nvis
ipor
i=por
N=time

nvis
yap
yap
die
kibru
ki=bru
PL=person

C.TAG
,
kjut
kjut
hurt;sick
kjut
kjut
hurt;sick

nvis
yap
yap
die
noh
noh
IMM1

C.TAG
,
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
kapor
ka=por
F=time
ong
ong
say
ki
ki
3pl
dæp
dæp
CPLV
thma
thma
war
.
Translation`they could not meet, due to the plague, at that time peeple got sick and died instantly. It was afte the war.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
sñiawsar
sñiaw****sar
sense****be.apparent
dæp
dæp
CPLV
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
kathma
ka=thma
F=war
se
sa
only
katæ
ka=
F=nvis
kakjut
ka=kjut
RES=hurt;sick
yap
yap
die
khlam
khlam
plague
,

nvis
da
da
REAL
boon
boon
be.much
kibru
ki=bru
PL=person
wa
wa
NMZ
yap
yap
die
heitæ
he-i=
LOC-N=nvis
ipor
i=por
N=time
ong
ong
say
ki
ki
3pl
ym
ym
NEG
æm
æm
have
de
de
neg.ints
unood
u=nood
NF=dare
ki
ki
3pl
uchong
u=chong
NF=sit
ha
ha
LOC
chnong
chnong
village
.
Translation`it seems after the war, the plague happened, many people died and many people were scared to live in the vill.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ym
ym
NEG
hoi
hoi
be.well
de
de
neg.ints
yachæm
ya-chæm
BEN-meet
da
da
REAL
yayaid
ya-yaid
BEN-keep.on(Khasi)
jar
jar
be.different
jar
jar
be.different
kaliang
ka=liang
F=side
,
mo
mo
QTAG
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kisohmynting
ki=sohmynting
PL=Sohmynting

nvis
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
lai
lai
go
kylleñ
kylleiñ
throughout
kylleñ
kylleiñ
throughout
se
sa
only
wa
wa
NMZ
yayut
ya-yut
BEN-run.away
ki
ki
3pl
,
cheite
che-i=te
ALL-N=mprox
cha
cha
ALL
pangit
pang-it
Pang-it
cheite
che-i=te
ALL-N=mprox
cha
cha
ALL
saphoh
sohphoh
Sohphoh
na
na
ABL
itæ
i=
N=nvis
man
man
become
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox

nvis
hi
hi
EMPH
neini
ne-i=ni
ABL-N=prox
nawah
na-wah
ABL-river
chnong
chnong
village

C.TAG
ong
ong
say
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
lichong
li-chong
DUR-sit
cheitu
che-i=tu
ALL-N=medl
.
Translation`the people could not meet each other, they went different ways, and the sohmyntin goes around everywhere, the people fron down this vill went and settled in Pang-it and Sohphoh.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Jooh
jooh
HAB
khana
khana
tell
parom
parom
tell.story
ki
ki
3pl
ya
ya
BEN
phi
phi
2pl
kammon
kammon
how
sdang
sdang
begin
kabalang
ka=balang
F=association
kristan
kristan
christian
heini
he-i=ni
LOC-N=prox
ha
ha
LOC
chnong
chnong
village
?
Translation`did they tell you a story of how christianity began in this vill.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heini
he-i=ni
LOC-N=prox
sdang
sdang
begin
balang
balang
association
kristan
kristan
christian
katkam
kat-kam
as-like;want
ijingkhana
i=jing-khana
N=ab.NMZ-tell
ki
ki
3pl
wa
wa
NMZ
hæh
hæh
be.big

nvis
man
man
become
wa
wa
NMZ
wan
wan
come
kini
ki=ni
PL=prox
kimissionary
ki=missionary
PL=missionary
na
na
ABL
chiliang
chiliang
across
duriaw
durioo
sea
wan
wan
come
yalap
yalap
preach
ki
ki
3pl
cheini
che-i=ni
ALL-N=prox
cha
cha
ALL
kachnong
ka=chnong
F=village
yong
yong
GEN
i
i
1pl
cha
cha
ALL
jwai
jwai
Jowai
kylleñ
kylleiñ
throughout
kylleñ
kylleiñ
throughout
,
dæp
dæp
CPLV

nvis
nang
nang
CONT
roi
roi
crawl
nang
nang
CONT
roi
roi
crawl
,
kat
kat
as
nang
nang
CONT
slæm
slæm
be.late
kipor
ki=por
PL=time
nangroi
nang****roi
CONT****crawl
ko
ko
3sg.F.nom

C.TAG
.
Translation`according to the story told by our elders Christianity began with the coming of the missionaries from across the seas, they preached here, in jwai and all around, it spread everywhere as time went by.';.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Nadooh
na-dooh
ABL-when
balang
balang
association
presbyterian
presbyterian
presbyterian
wan
wan
come
yalap
yalap
preach
kitæ
ki=
PL=nvis
ipor
i=por
N=time
?
Translation`does presbeterian congregation came and preached here that time.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
O
o
1sg.nom
i
i
1pl
wa
wa
NMZ
nyngkong
nyngkong
be.first
dooh
dooh
completely
kabalang
ka=balang
F=association
presbyterian
presbyterian
presbyterian
se
sa
only
wa
wa
NMZ
wan
wan
come
.
Translation`the first to came here was the presbyerian congregatioñ.; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Mut
mut
means
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
wa
wa
NMZ
seiñ
seiñ
committee
balang
balang
association
heini
he-i=ni
LOC-N=prox
?
Translation`this congregation estd the church here.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hao
ha-o
yes
ka
ka
3sg.F.acc
wa
wa
NMZ
seiñ
seiñ
committee
.
Translation`oh yes the first..'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

nvis
kammon
kammon
how
yn
yn
REF
wan
wan
come
kibalang
ki=balang
PL=association
trom
trom
Ch.of.God
?
Translation` How did church of God came.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

nvis
wan
wan
come
kibalang
ki=balang
PL=association
trom
trom
Ch.of.God
hadien
ha-dein
LOC-back
manda
man****da
become****REAL
heipor
he-i=por
LOC-N=time
wa
wa
NMZ
wan
wan
come
kabalang
ka=balang
F=association
trom
trom
Ch.of.God
hadien
ha-dein
LOC-back

nvis
kawan
ka=wan
RES=come
u
u
3sg.M.nom
uyi
u=yi
M=thing
utu
u=tu
M=medl
da
da
REAL
mylliñ
mylliñ
forget
o
o
1sg.nom
oo
oo
3sg.M.top
.
Translation`Church of God came when, what is that person's name i forgot.'; .'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Bah
bah
be.great
wol
wol
Wol
wa
wa
NMZ
wan
wan
come
nyngkong
nyngkong
be.first
heini
he-i=ni
LOC-N=prox
,
bah
bah
be.great
joy
joy
Joy
u
u
3sg.M.nom
wa
wa
NMZ
dang
dang
CONT
hadien
ha-dein
LOC-back
,
ha
ha
LOC
ubah
u=bah
NF=be.great
wol
wol
Wol
kylla
kylla
change
kabalang
ka=balang
F=association
trom
trom
Ch.of.God
se
sa
only
wan
wan
come
seiñ
seiñ
committee
ya
ya
BEN
kabalang
ka=balang
F=association
trom
trom
Ch.of.God
heini
he-i=ni
LOC-N=prox
.
Translation`oh its Mr Wol that first brought and estd the Church of God here, Mr Joy came later.';.'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
EMPTY
EMPTY
EMPTY
Translation`(conversations)

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