Interlinear glossed text

20151125i

Recording date2015-11-25
Speaker age95/61
Speaker sexm/m
Text genreconversation
Extended corpusyes



Word
Morpheme
Gloss
axamisâ
axamiís_1_-a_ˆ_
listen2-P.PresQ
Translationare you listening?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gorwaa
Gorwaa
****
booloodáʔ
booloo-r´-dáʔ
dayL.Fr-Dem4
ta
t-
MPAux
kahiyíʔ
káh_2_-iyáʔ-i´
sayMN.Pres-Pst
Yaaʔeér
yaaʔee-r´
riverL.Fr
Qantsaar
qantsaar
green,blue
Translationthe Gorwaa at that time said the Green River

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Yaaʔeér
yaaʔee-r´
riverL.Fr
Qantsaareê
qantsaar-eê
green,blue****
Translationthe Green River?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Yaaʔeér
yaaʔee-r´
riverL.Fr
Qantsaar
qantsaar
green,blue
TranslationThe Green River

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
iiʔaa-qamiimee
iiʔaaqamiím-ee
earputImp.Sg.O
Translationlisten up

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axamiís
axamiís_∅_-a
listen1-P.Pres
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Yaaʔeér
yaaʔee-r´
riverL.Fr
TranslationThe Green River is one, okay?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Qantsaar
qantsaar
green,blue
a
Aux
wák
wák
one
ari
ari
isnʔt.it
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ayasí
aya-sí
landL.MoDem2
kuwa
t-ng-u--wa
MPA.3P.MAuxBack
hootiyiʔ
hoót-iyáʔ-i´_¯_
liveN.Pres-PstSubj
kurmo
kurmo
hoeL.Mo
kaahh
kaáhh_2_-i´
be.absentM-Pst
Translationin this land where they lived there was no hoe

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ta
t-
MPAux
dooslasliitiká
doósl~asl-iít_∅_-i´-ká
farm****Ext1-PstNeg
Translationthey were not farming

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
ʕaʕaayiyîʔ
ʕa~ʕaáy_2_-iyáʔ-i´_ˆ_
****eatMN.Pres-PstQ
Translationwhat did they eat?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
yiikwa
yiikwa´
cattle\LF****
matlatleeroo
matlatlee-r´=oo
morningL.Fr=Top
birna
bar-i--na
ifS.3AuxImprf
tiʔiitiyíʔ
tiʔiít_2_-iyáʔ-i´
appearMN.Pres-Pst
lootooroo
lootoo-r´-oo
milkingL.Fr****
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
hheʔeés
hheʔeés_2_-i´
finish3-Pst
kin
t-ng-i--n
MPA.3P.NAuxExpect
geemáy
geemáw_2_-i´
let.go.of3-Pst
damay
damay_´_
calfL.N0
kin
t-ng-i--n
MPA.3P.NAuxExpect
ilaaʕ
ilaáʕ_2_-i´_¯_
avoid3-PstSubj
Translationthe cows, in the morning, when they went out, the milking was done, they were let out, the calves were kept away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axaás_1_-i´_ˆ_
hear2-PstQ
Translationdid you hear?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axaás
axaás_∅_-i´
hear1-Pst
TranslationI heard

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
damay
damay_´_
calfL.N0
kin
t-ng-i--n
MPA.3P.NAuxExpect
ilaaʕ
ilaáʕ_2_-i´_¯_
blockM-PstSubj
Translationthe calves were kept away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
yiikwa
yiikwa_´_
cattle\LFL.N0
aqo
=qo
Aux****
kin
t-ng-i--n
MPA.3P.NAuxExpect
geemay
geemáw_2_-i´_¯_
let.go.ofM-PstSubj
heé
hee
personL.Mo
deʔeéngw
deʔeengw
herdingL.Mo
awu
awu
bullL.Mo
i
i-
S.3Aux
kaahh
kaáhh_2_-i´
be.absent3-Pst
Translationthe cows were left, there was no person to tend the cattle [i.e. there was no need of one]

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axaás_1_-i´_ˆ_
hear2-PstQ
Translationdid you hear?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axamiís
axamiís_∅_-a
listen1-P.Pres
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuungáʔ
kuungáʔ
ProPers.2Pl
yiikwa
yiikwa´
cattle\LF****
birna
bar-i--na
ifS.3AuxImprf
tlayiyíʔ
tláw_2_-iyáʔ-i´
goMN.Pres-Pst
naʕiʔihúng
naʕiʔi´-húng
children****Poss.2Pl
isa
isa-tá
neckL.Ft
warqamaʔ
warqamaʔ_´_
clothL.N0
in
∅-i--n
A.PP.NAuxExpect
tsegaʔ
tseék_1_-áʔ-a_¯_
tie.up22Pl-P.PresSubj
Translationyou (pl.) if the cows when they go, you tie a cloth around the neck of your children

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
oo
oo
Ana.N
doʔowók
doʔ-ók
houseL.MoPoss.2Sg
in
∅-i--n
A.PP.NAuxExpect
tsek
tseék_1_-a_¯_
tie.up2-P.PresSubj
Buʔú
Buʔú
Buʔú
kós
kwí-ós
DemNPoss.3Sg
ngin
ng-i--n
A.3P.NAuxExpect
tseek
tseék_2_-a_¯_
tie.upM-P.PresSubj
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
kweʔeéʔ
****
****
in
∅-i--n
A.PP.NAuxExpect
tseek
tseék_∅_-a_¯_
tie.up1-P.PresSubj
Translationyou (those) of your house you tie, Bu'ú (those) of his house he ties, I (those) of my house I tie

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕiʔí
naʕiʔi_´_
childrenL.N0
muukoo
muu-kú-oo
peopleL.Mk****
xay
xay
Emph
Translationthe children of people?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
kis
t-ng-i-=s
MPA.3P.NAux=Reason
warqamaʔ
warqamaʔ_´_
clothL.N0
tsegiiti
tseék-iít_2_-i
tie.upExtM****
a
Aux
milá
milá
what
ga
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
Translationwhy were they tied with cloths?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ngi
ng-a-
A.3P.FAux
ooʔ
oóʔ_2_-a
sayM-P.Pres
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
Translationhe'll say it - you listen up, you don't make the discussion slow

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
iiʔaa-qamiimee
iiʔaaqamiím-ee
earputImp.Sg.O
inós
inós
ProPers.3Sg
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
gaanslín
gaansliím_2_-a
hurryM-P.Pres
axweesani
axweesani-tá
utteranceL.Ft
Translationhey! he's going fast

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ma
m-∅-a-
ProhibA.PP.FAux
tligimisaar
tliíq-iím-iís-aar
be.lateExtExtImp.Neg
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
sleeme
sleeme
all
mu
m-∅-u-
ProhibA.PP.MAux
babawaar
ba~báw-aar
RED~callImp.Neg
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axaás_1_-i´_ˆ_
hear2-PstQ
Translationmoreover, don't say "did you hear?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
warqamaʔ
warqamaʔ_´_
clothL.N0
in
∅-i--n
A.PP.NAuxExpect
tsek
tseék_1_-a_¯_
tie.up2-P.PresSubj
koqáʔ
ko-qáʔ
Indef.NDem3
un
∅-u--n
A.PP.MAuxExpect
tsek
tseék_1_-a_¯_
tie.up2-P.PresSubj
warqamaʔ
warqamaʔ´
cloth****
kin
t-ng-i--n
MPA.3P.NAuxExpect
tseek
tseék_2_-a_¯_
tie.up3-P.PresSubj
gawá
gawá
on
isoó
isoo_´_
neckL.N0
naʕiʔì
naʕiʔi_´__`_
childrenL.N0Emph
Translationcloths, you tie them - that one you tie him, cloths they are tied on the necks of the children

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
asma
asma
because
loʔaa
loʔaa-r´
sunL.Fr
bira
bar-i--(g)a
ifS.3AuxPrf
daláʕ
dalaáʕ_1_-i´
add.toF-Pst
dirqáʔ
di-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
Translationbecause if the sun reaches there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕiʔi
naʕiʔi_´_
childrenL.N0
Translationwhat will the children eat?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ʕaayiyaʔ
ʕaáy_2_-iyáʔ-a_¯_
eatMN.Pres-P.PresSubj
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
faʕaa
faʕaa-r´
ugaliL.Fr
i
i-
S.3Aux
deeroô
deer_1_-a=oo_ˆ_
be.presentF-P.Pres=TopQ
Translationis there food?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕiʔi
naʕiʔi_´_
childrenL.N0
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ʕaayiyaʔ
ʕaáy_2_-iyáʔ-a_¯_
eatMN.Pres-P.PresSubj
a
Aux
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
bará
bará
in
maringee
maringee-r´
troughL.Fr
Translationthe children, what they ate is milk in troughs

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕiʔi
naʕiʔi_´_
childrenL.N0
kin
t-ng-i--n
MPA.3P.NAuxExpect
geemay
geemáw_2_-i´_¯_
let.go.ofM-PstSubj
alkwi
alkwi
****
a
Aux
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
u
∅-u-
A.PP.MAux
wahanáʔ
wáh-aám_1_-áʔ-a
drink****22Pl-P.Pres
Translationthe children were let go, now it is milk that you(pl.) drink

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
waweeri
waweeri-r´
house.section.(back-to-front)L.Fr
ngin
ng-a--n
A.3P.FAuxExpect
amorqaʔwa
amoo-r´-qáʔ=wa
placeL.FrDem3==Abl
ohiyaʔ
óh_2_-iyáʔ-a_¯_
catchMN.Pres-P.PresSubj
Translationthey edges, they will hold from there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mpaka
mpaka
until
ire
i--re
S.3AuxConsec
amorqaʔi
amoo-r´-qáʔ=i
placeL.FrDem3=Vent
amorqaʔi
amoo-r´-qáʔ=i
placeL.FrDem3=Vent
kiʕiyáʔ
kiíʕ_2_-iyáʔ-a
return.(intr.)3N.Pres-P.Pres
aqo
=qo
Aux****
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
mpaka
mpaka
until
ire
i--re
S.3AuxConsec
aaxiyíʔ
aáx_2_-iyáʔ-i´
be.satisfiedMN.Pres-Pst
Translationand until they returned to there, it was this way until they were full

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mpaka
mpaka
until
aqo
=qo
Aux****
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
an
∅--n
A.PAuxExpect
axaxind
ax~aáx-iím_1_-a_¯_
****be.satisfiedExt2-P.PresSubj
bira
bar-i--(g)a
ifS.3AuxPrf
qwariitiyíʔ
qwariít_2_-iyáʔ-i´
be.hungryMN.Pres-Pst
aqo
=qo
Aux****
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
kiiʕiyáʔ
kiíʕ_2_-iyáʔ-a
return.(intr.)MN.Pres-P.Pres
bará
bará
in
maringee
maringee-r´
troughL.Fr
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
bará
bará
in
maringee
maringee-r´
troughL.Fr
Translationit was like this until you are full, if they were hungry they would return to the troughs, milk in troughs

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axaás_1_-i´_ˆ_
hear2-PstQ
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axaás
axaás_∅_-i´
hear1-Pst
TranslationI have heard

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwoo
aluwoo
****
Translationthen

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
loʔaa
loʔaa-r´
sunL.Fr
bira
bar-i--(g)a
ifS.3AuxPrf
daláʕ
dalaáʕ_1_-i´
add.to2-Pst
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
dirqáʔ
di-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
Translationwhen the sun arrives there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dirqáʔ
di-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
Translationthere

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
an
∅--n
S.PAuxExpect
tleeraʔ
tláw_1_-áʔ-a_¯_
go22Pl-P.PresSubj
umó
umó
every
heewoo
hee=oo
personL.Mo=Top
naʕaywós
naʕay-ós
childL.MoPoss.3Sg
ngin
ng-i--n
A.3P.NAuxExpect
ileehh
ileéhh_2_-a_¯_
fetchM-P.PresSubj
Translationand so you(pl.) would go out, everyone would fetch their child

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ngin
ng-i--n
A.3P.NAuxExpect
wagweedár
wagweeda-r´
****L.Fr
ay
áw_2_-a_¯_
goM-P.PresSubj
Translationthey would go to sort them

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ta
t-
MPAux
wagweediiti
wagweediit-i
****ExtSubj
a
Aux
naʕaʔwók
naʕaʔ_´_-ók
childrenL.N0Poss.2Sg
a
Aux
gadáʔ
ga-r´-dáʔ
thingL.Fr-Dem4
naʕaʔwók
naʕaʔ´-ók
children****Poss.2Sg
a
Aux
yiikwaookáng
yiikwa_´_-oo-káng
cattle\LFL.N0********
Translationthe thing that they sorted is your children, it is your children, it is not your cattle

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
naʕiʔi
naʕiʔi_´_
childrenL.N0
Translationit is the children

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
axamisee
axamiís_1_-a-ee
listen2-P.PresImp.Sg.O
garmawí
garma
boyL.MoDem1
Translationdo you hear it, young man?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axamiís
axamiís_∅_-a
listen1-P.Pres
TranslationI hear

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕiʔi
naʕiʔi_´_
childrenL.N0
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
wagweedáʔ
wagweed-áʔ
****2Pl
Translationyou(pl.) sort out the children

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kwa
t-ng-u--wa
MPA.3P.MAuxBack
kat
****
****
kweʔeéʔ
****
****
warqamaʔ
warqamaʔ_´_
clothL.N0
kalaywós
kalay-ós
****L.MoPoss.3Sg
a
Aux
kwí
kwí
DemM
Translationyou say mine, the cloths, its colours are this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Buʔu
Buʔu
Buʔu
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
káh
káh_2_-i´
sayM-Pst
kweʔeéʔ
****
****
kweʔeéʔ
****
****
kalaywós
kalay-ós
****L.MoPoss.3Sg
a
Aux
kwí
kwí
DemM
TranslationBu'ú said mine, mine, its colours are this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
a
∅-
S.PAux
káh
káh_∅_-i´
say1-Pst
kweʔeéʔ
****
****
kalaywós
kalay-ós
****L.MoPoss.3Sg
a
Aux
kwì
kwí_`_
DemMEmph
TranslationI said mine, its colours are this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
****
****
maana
warqamaʔ_´_-sí
clothL.N0Dem2
warqamasí
ga-r´-sí
thingL.FrDem2
gasí
aáng
in.the.past
aáng
Aux
a
daʕatoo-r´_ˆ_
brandL.FrQ
Translationso that means (that) these cloths, this thing in the past is like a brand?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
alamaa
alamaa-r´
markL.Fr
Translationa sign

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
alamaa
alamaa-r´
markL.Fr
Translationa sign

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
gidaba
gidabá
that
minda
m-ni-(g)a
ProhibVentPrf
qwariyiʔ
qwár_2_-iyáʔ-i´
become.lostMN.Pres-Pst
Translationit is so they do not get lost

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕiʔi
naʕiʔi_´_
childrenL.N0
aluwoo
alú=oo
behind=Top
qwariyaʔakeê
qwár_2_-iyáʔ-a-ká-ee_ˆ_
become.lostMN.Pres-P.PresNeg****Q
birka
bar-t-ng-i--(g)a
ifMPA.3P.NAuxPrf
warqamaʔ
warqamaʔ_´_
clothL.N0
konaká
koóm_2_-a-ká
haveM-P.PresNeg
birka
bar-t-ng-i--(g)a
ifMPA.3P.NAuxPrf
artlay
artláw_2_-i´
go.withM-Pst
nee
nee
and
koqáʔ
ko-qáʔ
Indef.MDem3
Translationchildren, after all, won't they get lost if they have no cloth, if they are taken by their fellow?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
abar
****
****
warqamosí
warqamó-sí
clothL.MoDem2
ʕawaákw
ʕawaákw
white
una
∅-u--na
A.PP.MAuxImprf
tsek
tseék_1_-a_¯_
tie.up2-P.PresSubj
yaaʔee
yaaʔee-r´
legL.Fr
ador
ido-r´
AuxmannerL.Fr
kwisí
kwí-sí
DemNDem2
oo
oo
Ana.M
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
Translationif this white cloth here you tied the leg like this one here of something of this colour?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
kalaysî
kalay-sí_ˆ_
****Dem2Q
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
kweʔeéʔ
****
****
a
Aux
kwì
kwí_`_
DemMEmph
Translationme, mine is this one

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hindí
hindí
now
ya
ya
thus
tawa
ta--wa
TempAuxBack
iwitaán
iwiít_∅_-aán-i´
sit11.Pl-Pst
diriyee
di-r´=ee
placeL.FrDem1=Top
Translationand now it is thus, when we are sitting here

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
garók
ga-r´-ók
thingL.FrPoss.2Sg
tisí
-sí
DemFDem2
a
Aux
mardadirookeê
mardadi-r´-oo-ká-ee_ˆ_
mixed.colourL.Fr****Neg****Q
Translationyou, isn't yours here a mixed colour?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ar
ar
Ana.F
TranslationBu'ú's isn't it white?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Buʔu
Buʔu
Buʔu
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
ʕawaakweekeê
ʕawaakw-ká-ee_ˆ_
whiteNegImp.Sg.OQ
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
teʔeéʔ
-ʔéʔ
DemFPoss.1Sg
Translationmine isn't it black?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
booʕeekeê
booʕ-ká-ee_ˆ_
blackNegImp.Sg.OQ
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔee
hheʔee
hey
Buʔu
Buʔu
Buʔu
Translationhey, didn't Bu'ú know that his here is white?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tós
-ós
DemFPoss.3Sg
tin
t--n
MPAuxExpect
ʕawaakw
ʕawaakw
white
ngin
ng-a--n
A.3P.FAuxExpect
xuuikeê
xuúʔ_2_-i´-ká-ee_ˆ_
knowM-PstNegImp.Sg.OQ
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
tók
-ók
DemFPoss.2Sg
tisí
-sí
DemFDem2
a
∅-a-
A.PP.FAux
xuikeê
xuúʔ_1_-i´-ká-ee_ˆ_
know2-PstNeg****Q
Translationyou, (that) yours is this one, don't you know?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
teʔeéʔ
-ʔéʔ
DemFPoss.1Sg
tin
t--n
MPAuxExpect
a
Aux
xuuakeê
xuúʔ_∅_-a-ká-ee_ˆ_
know1-P.PresNeg****Q
TranslationI, (that) mine is this one, don't I know?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
idoriheekeê
ido-r´-aká-ee_ˆ_
mannerL.FrDem1********Q
Translationis it not like this?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
idosí
ido-r´-sí
mannerL.FrDem2
Translationit is like this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hayya
hayya
okay
Translationokay

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
idodáʔ
ido-r´-dáʔ
mannerL.Fr-Dem4
a
Aux
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
Translationit was this way

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
kin
t-ng-a--n
MPA.3P.FAuxExpect
lootin
lootiím_2_-a_¯_
milk3-P.PresSubj
kire
t-ng-a--re
MPA.3P.FAuxConsec
kuʔuus
kuʔuús_2_-i´
spill3-Pst
bará
bará
in
naqimaʔ
naqimaʔ_´_
troughL.N0
Translationthe milk was milked and it was poured into troughs

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
bará
bará
in
maringeè
maringee-r´_`_
troughL.FrEmph
Translationmilk, in troughs

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕiʔi
naʕiʔi_´_
childrenL.N0
aqo
=qo
Aux****
ngin
ng-a--n
A.3P.FAuxExpect
wahan
wáh-aám_2_-a
drink****M-P.Pres
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
yiikwa
yiikwa_´_
cattle\LFL.N0
Translationthe children, it was such that they drank like cattle

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
faʕaa
faʕaa-r´
ugaliL.Fr
kàhh
kaáhh_1_-i´_`_
be.absentF-PstEmph
Translationthere was no food

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
bar
bar∅-
ifS.PAux
dooslaslit
doósl~asl-iít_1_-a_¯_
farm****Ext2-P.PresSubj
balaangw
balaangw
milletL.Mo
i
i-
S.3Aux
deeroô
deer_2_-a=oo_ˆ_
be.presentM-P.Pres=TopQ
Translationyou, if you farmed, was there sorghum?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ayasí
aya-sí
landL.MoDem2
ta
t-
MPAux
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
say3-PstSubj
ayá
aya
landL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Muhanga
Muhanga
Muhanga
Translationthis land, it was called the land of Haymú Muhanga

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
A.PAuxPrf
axasî
axaás_1_-i´_ˆ_
hear2-PstQ
Translationdid you hear?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axamiís
axamiís_∅_-a
listen1-P.Pres
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ayadáʔ
aya-dáʔ
landL.Mo-Dem4
ta
t-
MPAux
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
sayM-PstSubj
a
Aux
ayá
aya
landL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Muhanga
Muhanga
Muhanga
Translationthat land was called, it was the land of Haymú Muhanga

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
an
-n
AuxExpect
uurusumó
uurusumó
leaderL.Mo
ayasí
aya-sí
landL.MoDem2
TranslationHaymu was the leader of this land

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
xáy
xáy
PolarQ
Translationokay?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aree
ár-ee
seeImp.Sg.O
Translationlook

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
ta
t-
MPAux
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
sayM-PstSubj
a
Aux
uurusumó
uurusumó
leaderL.Mo
ayasí
aya-sí
landL.MoDem2
TranslationHaymú they said is the leader of this land

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Muhanga
Muhanga
Muhanga
TranslationHaymú Muhanga

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
muukí
muu-kú
peopleL.MkDem1
kas
t-ng-u--(g)a-s
MPA.3P.MAuxPrfReason
daqaree
daqaree-r´
rich.personL.Fr
tas
t--s
MPAuxReason
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
Translationthe reason that these people were wealthy is this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
yiikwa
yiikwa_´_
cattle\LFL.N0
kas
t-ng-i--(g)a-s
MPA.3P.NAuxPrfReason
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
a
Aux
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
a
Aux
qwaslarumo
qwaslarumo
doctor
Translationthe reason the cattle were like this is (that) Haymú was a traditional doctor

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ma
m-∅-
ProhibS.PAux
sasahhaamaar
sasaáhh-aám-aar
whisper****Imp.Neg
Translationhey, don't whisper!

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
qwaslarumó
qwaslarumo
doctorL.Mo
harge
harge
Emph
doʔìn
doʔ-ʔín_`_
houseL.MoPoss.3PlEmph
Translationtheir traditional doctor

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
qwaslarumó
qwaslarumo
doctorL.Mo
doʔinee
doʔ-ʔín-ee
houseL.MoPoss.3Pl****
xay
xay
Emph
Translationtheir traditional doctor, hey?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
xooroò
xooroo-r´_`_
crowdL.FrEmph
Translationof the people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
xooroo
xooroo-r´
crowdL.Fr
Translationof the people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
xooroo
xooroo-r´
crowdL.Fr
Translationof the people, like these Maanda [i.e. those Maandá of the current time]

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
xooroór
xooroo-r´
crowdL.Fr
Maandasí
Maanda-sí
****Dem2
ayasí
aya-sí
landL.MoDem2
Translationof the people of that land

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
xooroo
xooroo-r´
crowdL.Fr
Translationof the people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
xooroór
xooroo-r´
crowdL.Fr
ayasí
aya-sí
landL.MoDem2
Translationof the people of this land

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
yiikwasí
yiikwa_¯_-sí
cattle\LFSubjDem2
qawoór
qawoo-r´
grazingL.Fr
ayiyáʔ
áw_2_-iyáʔ-a
goMN.Pres-P.Pres
kiloʔín
kiloʔín
themselves
asma
asma
because
heesí
hee-sí
personL.MoDem2
Translationthese cattle went to their pasture on their own because of this person

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
qawoór
qawoo-r´
grazingL.Fr
ayiyáʔ
áw_2_-iyáʔ-a
goMN.Pres-P.Pres
kiliʔín
kiliʔín
****
xweerawoo
xweera_´_-oo
eveningL.N0****
nin
ni-n
VentExpect
daafiyáʔ
daáf_2_-iyáʔ-a
return.cattle.from.pastureMN.Pres-P.Pres
kiliʔín
kiliʔín
****
Translationthey went to pasture themselves, in the evening they would come back home on their own

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
yiikwa
yiikwa_´_
cattle\LFL.N0
koká
koká
DemN
birna
bar-i--na
ifS.3AuxImprf
daafiyáʔ
daáf_2_-iyáʔ-a
return.cattle.from.pastureMN.Pres-P.Pres
aqo
=qo
Aux****
doʔín
doʔ-ʔín
houseL.MoPoss.3Pl
ngun
ng-u--n
A.3P.MAuxExpect
alqonáʔ
alqonáʔ
resemble
Translationthose cattle, when they returned, they would be even with their house [i.e. they would go back to their appropriate house]

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
koqáʔ
ko-qáʔ
Indef.NDem3
bira
bar-i--(g)a
ifS.3AuxPrf
daafiyáʔ
daáf_2_-iyáʔ-a
return.cattle.from.pastureMN.Pres-P.Pres
aqo
=qo
Aux****
doʔín
doʔ-ʔín
houseL.MoPoss.3Pl
ngun
ng-u--n
A.3P.MAuxExpect
alqonáʔ
alqonáʔ
resemble
koqáʔ
ko-qáʔ
Indef.NDem3
bira
bar-i--(g)a
ifS.3AuxPrf
daafiyáʔ
daáf_2_-iyáʔ-a
return.cattle.from.pastureMN.Pres-P.Pres
aqo
=qo
Aux****
doʔín
doʔ-ʔín
houseL.MoPoss.3Pl
ngun
ng-u--n
A.3P.MAuxExpect
alqonáʔ
alqonáʔ
resemble
Translationthose when they returned they would be even with their house, those when they returned they would be even with their house

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
tsaqanaʔ
****
****
afiʔí
afiʔi_´_
mouthsL.N0
isamawoo
isamaʔ_´_-oo
breastL.N0****
Translationmilk dripped from the udders

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsororooxì
tsororoóx_2_-iyáʔ-i´_`_
run.continuouslyMN.Pres-PstEmph
Translationit flowed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
qaasiyíʔ
qaás_2_-iyáʔ-i´
putMN.Pres-Pst
wa
wa lo
very
lo
yiikwa_´__`_
cattle\LFL.N0Emph
Translationthey really produced, the cattle

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ki
t-ng-i-
MPA.3P.NAux
deʔenakáng
deʔeém_2_-a-káng
herdM-P.PresNeg
Translationthey were not tended

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aqo
=qo
Aux****
inʔín
inín
ProPers.3Pl
kiloʔín
kiloʔín
themselves
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
Translationit was that they grazed themselves

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
qayayáʔ
qáw_2_-iyáʔ-a
grazeMN.Pres-P.Pres
qayayáʔ
qáw_2_-iyáʔ-a
grazeMN.Pres-P.Pres
Translationthey grazed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axaás_1_-i´_ˆ_
hear2-PstQ
Translationdid you hear?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kar
kar
so
aluwo
aluwo
then
muukí
muu-kú
peopleL.MkDem1
hhay
hhay
****
leehhowarí
leehhowa-r´
good.conditionL.FrDem1
ngawa
ng-a--wa
A.3P.FAuxBack
eer
áw_1_-a_¯_
go2-P.PresSubj
ya
ya
thus
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
fuduuʔiyî
fuduúʔ_2_-iyáʔ-i´_ˆ_
be.proudMN.Pres-PstQ
Translationand so then these people, when they got to this good state it was thus: they got proud

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
leehheʔeesiʔeekeê
leehheʔeés_2_-iyáʔ-a-ká-ee_ˆ_
put.in.a.good.conditionMN.Pres-P.PresNeg****Q
Translationhadn't they become in a good state?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hee
hee
personL.Mo
barta
bar-t-i--(g)a
ifMPS.3AuxPrf
dooslikáng
doósl_2_-i´-káng
farmM-PstNeg
masoomba
masoombaa-r´
youthL.Fr
makay
makay_´_
****L.N0
nga
ng-i--(g)a
A.3P.NAuxPrf
faakiyíʔ
faák_2_-iyáʔ-i´
finish3N.Pres-Pst
Translationwhen a person didn't farm, the youth finished all the animals

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsirʕoo
tsirʕoo-r´
****L.Fr
nga
ng-a--(g)a
A.3P.FAuxPrf
faakiyíʔ
faák_2_-iyáʔ-i´
finishMN.Pres-Pst
Translationthey finished the birds

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
neer
neer
with
tsuʕuta
tsuʕuta****
killing****
Translationby slaughtering

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
masoomba
masoombaa-r´
youthL.Fr
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
tlehhit
tleéhh-iít_1_-i´_¯_
makeExtF-PstSubj
a
Aux
gaʕale
gaʕalee-r´
bow.(for.arrows)L.Fr
nee
nee
and
lawalaa
lawalaa-r´
spearL.Fr
Translationthe youth, what they made was shields and spears

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
shiidarín
shiida-r´-ʔín
problemL.FrPoss.3Pl
a
Aux
gaʕale
gaʕalee-r´
bow.(for.arrows)L.Fr
nee
nee
and
lawalaa
lawalaa-r´
spearL.Fr
Translationtheir concern was shields and spears

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
slakaatî
slakaát_2_-i´_ˆ_
hunt3-PstQ
Translationthey hunted?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

hey
Translationwhy? [i.e. why, of course]

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
slakaat
slakaát_2_-i´
huntM-Pst
kara
kara
so
Translationthey hunted

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
doosliká
doósl_2_-i´-ká
farmM-PstNeg
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
tlehhiitî
tleéhh-iít_2_-i´_ˆ_
makeExtM-PstQ
Translation(if) they didn't hunt, what would they do?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hee
hee
personL.Mo
Translationwhat would a person farm if they did not farm and they do not tend cattle?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
dooslî
doósl_2_-i´_ˆ_
farmM-PstQ
bar
bar
if
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
doosliká
doósl_2_-i´-ká
farmM-PstNeg
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
deʔenaká
deʔeém_2_-a-ká
herdM-P.PresNeg
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
daqane
daqane
then
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ta
t-∅-
MPA.PAux
tlehhahhit
tleéhh~ahh-iít_1_-i´_¯_
make****Ext2-PstSubj
deeloorí
deeloo-r´
dayL.FrDem1
sleemeeroô
****
****
Translationwhat would you be doing all those days?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
garʔéʔ
ga-r´-ʔéʔ
thingL.FrPoss.1Sg
toka
****
****
ni
ni-
MP.S.1Aux
yahasa
yahasa
asking
garʔéʔ
ga-r´-ʔéʔ
thingL.FrPoss.1Sg
toka
****
****
ni
ni-
MP.S.1Aux
yahasár
yahasa-r´
askingL.Fr
slaaʔ
slaáʔ_∅_-a_¯_
want1-P.PresSubj
ya
ya
thus
Translationmy thing that to ask... my thing that I want to ask is this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heedáʔ
hee-dáʔ
personL.Mo-Dem4
a
Aux
ma
ma
which
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
lootín
lootiím_2_-i´
milkM-Pst
kire
t-ng-i--re
MPA.3P.NAuxConsec
qaas
qaás_2_-i´_¯_
putM-PstSubj
bará
bará
in
naqimó
naaqáy
trough
Translationwho is the person who milks and who puts it in the trough

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kara
kara
so
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
oo
oo
Ana.M
doʔowók
doʔ-ók
houseL.MoPoss.2Sg
in
∅-i--n
A.PP.NAuxExpect
lootínd
lootiím_1_-i´
milk2-Pst
kire
t-ng-i--re
MPA.3P.NAuxConsec
qas
qaás_1_-i´_¯_
put2-PstSubj
bará
bará
in
maringamò
maringamó_`_
troughEmph
Translationhey, you, (those) of your house you milk and then you put in the trough

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
kweʔéʔ
kwí-ʔéʔ
DemNPoss.1Sg
in
∅-i--n
A.PP.NAuxExpect
lootiim
lootiím_∅_-a_¯_
milk1-P.PresSubj
in
∅-i--n
A.PP.NAuxExpect
qaas
qaás_∅_-a_¯_
put1-P.PresSubj
bará
bará
in
maringamò
maringamó_`_
troughEmph
Translationme, mine I milk, I put in the trough, Bu'ú his, it is every person his of his house

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maringamó
maringamó
trough
Buʔú
Buʔú
Buʔú
doʔowók
doʔ-ók
houseL.MoPoss.2Sg
kós
kwí-ós
DemNPoss.3Sg
aqo
=qo
Aux****
Translationthe trough of your house

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
umó
umó
every
heewoo
hee=oo
personL.Mo=Top
kós
kwí-ós
DemNPoss.3Sg
in
∅-i--n
A.PP.NAuxExpect
doʔowós
doʔ-ós
houseL.MoPoss.3Sg
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maray
maray_´_
housesL.N0
iga
∅-i--(g)a
A.PP.NAuxPrf
tléhh
tleéhh_1_-i´
make2-Pst
a
Aux
waweeri
waweeri-r´
house.section.(back-to-front)L.Fr
Translationyou built the houses in lines

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maray
maray_´_
housesL.N0
Translationhouses, look

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aree
ár-ee
seeImp.Sg.O
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
doʔqáʔ
doʔ-qáʔ
houseL.MoDem3
doʔqáʔ
doʔ-qáʔ
houseL.MoDem3
koqàʔ
kwí-qáʔ_`_
DemMDem3Emph
kwí
kwí
DemM
i
i-
S.3Aux
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
Translationthat house, that house, that one, this one is here

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
koqáʔ
kwí-qáʔ
DemMDem3
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
koqáʔ
kwí-qáʔ
DemMDem3
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
Translationthat one here, that one here

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
booloodáʔ
booloo-r´-dáʔ
dayL.Fr-Dem4
kila
****
****
kabila
****
****
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
nee
nee
and
hoomaár
hoomaa-r´
****L.Fr
hatláʔ
hatláʔ
other
ti
ti
Rec
daʔayumiitiyáʔ
-m-daʔayuút_2_-iyáʔ-a
ExtfearMN.Pres-P.Pres
maray
maray_´_
housesL.N0
kiwa
t-ng-i--wa
MPA.3P.NAuxBack
diyayaaʕiyíʔ
di-ya~-yaáʕ_2_-iyáʔ-i´
spread.apart-RED~-spread.apartMN.Pres-Pst
Translationin those days, all ethnic groups, the Gorwaa people and other strangers were afraid of each other, (and) houses being spread apart

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
asma
asma
because
ʕadui
ʕadui-r´
enemyL.Fr
birna
bar-i--na
ifS.3AuxImprf
hardát
hardáh_1_-i´
arriveF-Pst
sleemee
****
****
tundu
tundu-
****Aux
fàk
fak_`_
finishEmph
Translationbecause if enemies arrived, they would finish everyone

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aqo
=qo
Aux****
sleemee
****
****
maray
maray_´_
housesL.N0
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
qomees
qoom-ees_¯_
be.good****Subj
ar
ar
Ana.F
laini
laini-r´
lineL.Fr
kule
****
****
tam
tam
Concess
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
sagó
saga-kú
headL.Mk
Duuru
Duuru
Duuru
tloomaarqáʔ
tloomaa-r´-qáʔ
mountainL.FrDem3
ar
ar
Ana.F
Duuru
Duuru
Duuru
Translationit was that all the houses were together in a line there, even to the end of Duuru, that mountain of Duuru

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
amór
amoo-r´
placeL.Fr
tam
tam
Concess
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Hiiyaángw
Hiiyaángw
Hiiyaangw
marayká
maray_´_-ká
housesL.N0****
aqo
=qo
Aux****
tin
t--n
MPAuxExpect
idoriwa
ido-r´-wa
mannerL.FrDem1Back
konaʔ
****
****
Translationthere even to Hiiyaángw, some houses touched each other like that

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maray
maray_´_
housesL.N0
aqo
=qo
Aux****
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
xáy
xáy
PolarQ
Translationthe houses were like that, hey?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mm
mm
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tisí
-sí
DemFDem2
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
sláw
sláw´
get****
Translationthis I have understood

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
andî
ánd-i_ˆ_
see****Q
Translationdo you see?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
axaás
axaás´
hear****
tisiyee
-sí=ee
DemFDem2=Top
TranslationI hear you here

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕiʔihúng
naʕiʔi_´_-húng
childrenL.N0Poss.2Pl
matlatleeroo
matlatlee-r´=oo
morningL.Fr=Top
bir
bar-i-
ifS.3Aux
****
****
****
naʕiʔihúng
naʕiʔi_´_-húng
childrenL.N0Poss.2Pl
matlatleeroo
matlatlee-r´=oo
morningL.Fr=Top
bira
bar-∅-i--(g)a
ifA.PP.NAuxPrf
gemeeréʔ
gemeér-éʔ
let.go.of2.Pl
isoo
isoo_´_
neckL.N0
iga
∅-i--(g)a
A.PP.NAuxPrf
warqamaʔi
warqamaʔ_´_-i
clothL.N0Lat
tsegagitéʔ
tsék~agít-éʔ
tie.up~REDExt2.Pl
iga
∅-i--(g)a
A.PP.NAuxPrf
hheʔeséʔ
hheʔés-éʔ
finish2.Pl
Translationyour(pl.) children, in the morning, if... your(pl.) children, in the morning, if you let them go, you(pl.) tie cloths, you(pl.) finish

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aqo
=qo
Aux****
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
wahiyaʔ
wah-iyáʔ_¯_
drinkN.PresSubj
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
wahahaanaʔ
wahahaanaʔ
****
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
amorqáʔ
amoo-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
wahahaanaʔ
wahahaanaʔ
****
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
amodáʔ
amoo-r´-dáʔ
placeL.Fr-Dem4
bará
bará
in
maringee
maringee-r´
troughL.Fr
Translationthey drink, they are drinking to that place, they are drinking to that place in the troughs

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
axaás
axaás´
hear****
TranslationI have heard

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ayá
aya
landL.Mo
ayá
aya
landL.Mo
dóʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Muhanga
Muhanga
Muhanga
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
kure
t-ng-u--re
MPA.3P.MAuxConsec
hoot
hoot
****
a
Aux
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
Translationthe land of, the land of Haymú Muhanga, (this) was the way in which they lived

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ayadáʔ
aya-dáʔ
landL.Mo-Dem4
ta
t-
MPAux
kahi
káh-i
say****
Yaaʔeér
yaaʔee-r´
riverL.Fr
Qantsaar
qantsaar
green,blue
Translationthat land was called the Green River

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Yaaʔeér
yaaʔee-r´
riverL.Fr
Qantsaar
qantsaar
green,blue
TranslationThe Green River

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ma
m-∅-
ProhibS.PAux
kiʕaar
kíʕ-aar
return.(intr.)Imp.Neg
alu
alu
rear
hiʔít
hiʔít
walk
geerà
geera_`_
frontEmph
Translationdon't go backwards, go forward

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hayya
hayya
okay
Translationokay

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hiʔít
hiʔít
walk
geerà
geera_`_
firstEmph
Translationgo forward

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
Translationhave you not heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
axasikeê
axás-i-aka-ee_ˆ_
hear********Imp.Sg.OQ
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
axaás
axaás´
hear****
TranslationI have heard

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwo
aluwo
then
Translationthen

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
naʕay
naʕay
childL.Mo
ngwa
ng-u--wa
A.3P.MAuxBack
laqwaál
laqwaál´
give.birth****
aree
ár-ee
seeImp.Sg.O
TranslationHaymú bore a child, look

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
wàk
wák_`_
oneEmph
Translationone

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
xooroorí
xooroo-r´
crowdL.FrDem1
a
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
laqwaalikeê
laqwaál-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
give.birth************Q
Translationdidn't these people give birth?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kara
kara
so
aluwo
aluwo
then
ya
ya
thus
Translationand so it was thus

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymuwí
Haymú
HaymúL.MoDem1
kwí
kwí
DemM
a
Aux
hhaayi
hhay
lineL.Mo
a
Aux
heeʔín
hee-ʔín
personL.MoPoss.3Pl
oo
oo
Ana.M
iwaawaʕi
iwaawaʕi****
respect****
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
ur
ur
big
oo
oo
Ana.M
ayawí
aya
landL.MoDem1
Translationthis Haymú is a line, is his people are greatly respected in this land

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kara
kara
so
naʕay
naʕay
childL.Mo
kun
t-ng-u--n
MPA.3P.MAuxExpect
luuʕ
luuʕ_¯_
hide.(trans.)Subj
uga
∅-u--(g)a
A.PP.MAuxPrf
Translationhey, the child was hidden, you [...]

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕáy
naʕay
childL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
luúʕ
luuʕ´
hide.(trans.)****
TranslationHaymú's child was hidden

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
axaás
axaás´
hear****
TranslationI have heard

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕáy
naʕay
childL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
kuwa
t-ng-u--wa
MPA.3P.MAuxBack
luúʕ
luuʕ´
hide.(trans.)****
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
i
i-
S.3Aux
kah
kah
say
naʕayʔéʔ
naʕay-ʔéʔ
childL.MoPoss.1Sg
slawareʔ
sláw-areʔ
getImp.Vent.Pl.O
TranslationHaymú's child was hidden, Haymú said "bring me my child"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
inín
inín
ProPers.3Pl
ta
t-
MPAux
kahi
káh-i
say****
tan
t--n
MPAuxExpect
bay
báy_¯_
callSubj
Translationthey said, they said

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
i
i-
S.3Aux
kah
kah
say
naʕayʔéʔ
naʕay-ʔéʔ
childL.MoPoss.1Sg
slawareʔ
sláw-areʔ
getImp.Vent.Pl.O
TranslationHaymú says "bring my my child"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
inín
inín
ProPers.3Pl
ta
t-
MPAux
kahi
káh-i
say****
atén
atén
ProPers.1Pl
muukú
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
ta
t-∅-
MPA.PAux
slaaqwaan
slaáqw-aán_¯_
wage.war1.PlSubj
slawang
sláw-ang
getImp.Vent.Sg.O
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
ku
t-ng-u-
MPA.3P.MAux
babay
ba~báy_¯_
Plur~callSubj
Translationthey said, "us, people to fight with, bring us", Haymú was told

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Muhanga
Muhanga
Muhanga
TranslationHaymú Muhanga

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muukú
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
neetò
neeto-r´_`_
playingL.FrEmph
Translationpeople for a game

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muukú
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
nee
nee
and
atén
atén
ProPers.1Pl
ta
t-∅-
MPA.PAux
slaaqwaan
slaáqw-aán_¯_
wage.war1.PlSubj
slawang
sláw-ang
getImp.Vent.Sg.O
Translationbring to us people to fight with us

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
neeto
neeto
playing
hargê
harge_ˆ_
EmphQ
Translationhey, game

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Translationand Haymú, didn't he love his child? didn't he cry? a person if his only child that he gave birth to, that very one is hidden

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kara
kara
so
naʕaywós
naʕay-ós
childL.MoPoss.3Sg
ngu
ng-u-
A.3P.MAux
slaaʔikeê
slaaʔ-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
love************Q
ʕaʕamineekeê
ʕaʕamín-aká-ee_ˆ_
************Q
hee
hee
personL.Mo
bar
bar
if
naʕaywós
naʕay-ós
childL.MoPoss.3Sg
kodáʔ
ko-dáʔ
Indef.M-Dem4
wák
wák
one
alé
****
****
oo
oo
Ana.M
doʔín
doʔ-ʔín
houseL.MoPoss.3Pl
ngwa
ng-u--wa
A.3P.MAuxBack
laqwaal
laqwaál
give.birth
koqo
****
****
kwa
t-ng-u--wa
MPA.3P.MAuxBack
luúʕ
luuʕ´
hide.(trans.)****
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hee
hee
personL.Mo
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
ʕiìs
ʕiis_`_
doEmph
Translationwhat ia a person to do?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
xay
xay
Emph
Translationhey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muutlee
muútl-ee
do.quicklyImp.Sg.O
Translationdo it quickly

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kar
kar
so
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
awu
awu
bullL.Mo
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
gaás
gaas´
kill****
aako
aako
grandfatherL.Mo
Translationso, Haymú slaughtered a bull

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kós
kwí-ós
DemNPoss.3Sg
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
gaás
gaas´
kill****
awu
awu
bullL.Mo
gaás
gaas´
kill****
awu
awu
bullL.Mo
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
gaás
gaas´
kill****
Translationhis he slaughtered, he slaughtered the bull, he slaughtered it

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
awu
awu
bullL.Mo
gasaroo
gasa-r´-oo
killingL.Fr****
ngwa
ng-a--wa
A.3P.FAuxBack
hheʔeés
hheʔees´
finish****
Translationwhen he finished slaughtering the bull

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅-a--(g)a
A.PP.FAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kaharír
kahari-r´
hideL.Fr
awu
awu
bullL.Mo
ngina
ng-a--na
A.3P.FAuxImprf
tlakwayi
tlakway-i
bagL.MoLat
tleéhh
tleehh´
make****
Translationhe made a bag from the hide of the bull

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
awudáʔ
awu-dáʔ
bullL.Mo-Dem4
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
Translationthat bull he...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
fuʔunay
fuʔunay_´_
meatL.N0
ngina
ng-i--na
A.3P.NAuxImprf
humín
humín´
boil.(esp.mash.for.beer)****
Translationhe cooked the meat

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
diʕitadáʔ
diʕi-tá-dáʔ
fatL.Ft-Dem4
ta
t-
MPAux
kah
kah_¯_
saySubj
duʕú
duʕú
fatL.Mo
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
baraki
barakaa-i
pieceLat
Translationthat fat called soup was poured into bits along with the pieces of meat

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
kuʔuus
kuʔuus_¯_
spillSubj
qwaslín
qwaslín
render
neer
neer
with
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
muguhha
muguhha
small.pieces.of.meat
qwaslín
qwaslín
render
Translationit was rendered, it was rendered

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
bará
bará
in
tlakway
tlakway
bagL.Mo
Translationin the bag

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
hee
hee
personL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
muukí
muu-kú
peopleL.MkDem1
ngi
ng-i-
A.3P.NAux
leeleehhitó
leeleehhit
searchingL.Mo
aykeê
áy-aká-ee_ˆ_
go********Q
daxa
daxa
then
Translationand so Haymú, didn't he then go to find these people?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muukí
muu-kú
peopleL.MkDem1
tawa
t--wa
MPAuxBack
kahi
káh-i
say****
nee
nee
and
atén
atén
ProPers.1Pl
ta
t-∅-
MPA.PAux
slaaqwaán
slaáqw-aán
wage.war1.Pl
Translationthese people that they said to fight with us

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heʔ
heʔ
hey
naʕay
naʕay
childL.Mo
burkwa
bar-t-ng-u--wa
ifMPA.3P.MAuxBack
ʕitin
ʕiít-ín_¯_
constrainExtSubj
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
ta
t-∅-
MPA.PAux
ʕis
ʕís_¯_
helpSubj
Translationhey, if your child is being constrained, what is there to do?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
hiʔimamiít
hiʔi-ma~--m-it´
walk-Plur~-Extwalk****
hiʔimamiít
hiʔi-ma~--m-it´
walk-Plur~-Extwalk****
bará
bará
in
slaʕa
slaʕa-tá
forestL.Ft
bará
bará
in
darma
darma
grasslandL.Mo
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
hiʔimamiít
hiʔi-ma~--m-it´
walk-Plur~-Extwalk****
bará
bará
in
darma
darma
grasslandL.Mo
TranslationHaymú went and went into the forest, into the grassland, he was going into the grassland

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
A.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
A.PAux
axamiís
axamiís
listen
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
hardáh
hardah´
arrive****
tiʔitaangw
tiʔitaa(ngw)
tree.spL.Mo
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
sláy
sláy´
get****
a
Aux
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
xaʔanowí
xaʔanó
treeL.MoDem1
Translationwhen he arrived, he got a ficus tree, like this tree

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tiʔitaangw
tiʔitaa(ngw)
tree.spL.Mo
har
****
****
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
bará
bará
in
qaaymoorqáʔ
qaaymoo-r´-qáʔ
fieldL.FrDem3
Translationa ficus tree almost like here until that field

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nee
nee
and
alú
alú
behind
dowí
doʔ
houseL.MoDem1
Translationand behind this house

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
xaʔanó
xaʔanó
treeL.Mo
wák
wák
one
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
tiʔiít
tiʔiit´
appear****
Translationone tree was growing

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
A.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axamiís
axamiís
listen
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
loʕoo
loʕoo
leaves
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
páhh
páhh´
fall****
Translationthe leaves fell down

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
loʕoorqáʔ
loʕoo-r´-qáʔ
leavesL.FrDem3
sleeme
sleeme
all
nga
ng-a--(g)a
A.3P.FAuxPrf
koniká
kón-i-aká
have********
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
húʔ
húʔ´
fall****
yaamù
yaamú_`_
downEmph
Translationthose leaves, it doesn't have any, they have fallen down

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
ire
i--re
S.3AuxConsec
tsaʕán
tsaʕán´
climb****
gawaqáʔ
gawá-qáʔ
onDem3
Translationand Haymú climbed up there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
uʔuú
uʔuúʔ´
cry.out****
Translationhe cried out

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
uʔumamín
uʔuúʔ-~ma--mín
cry.out-~RED-****
uʔumamín
uʔuúʔ-~ma--mín
cry.out-~RED-****
uʔumamín
uʔuúʔ-~ma--mín
cry.out-~RED-****
uʔumamín
uʔuúʔ-~ma--mín
cry.out-~RED-****
Translationhe was crying out, crying out, crying out, crying out

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hoomaa
hoomaa-r´
****L.Fr
Translationstrangers...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hayoda
hayoda-r´
cry.for.helpL.Fr
ngin
ng-a--n
A.3P.FAuxExpect
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
uʔuú
uʔuúʔ´
cry.out****
Translationhe cried out 'hayoda'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
uʔumamín
uʔuúʔ-~ma--mín
cry.out-~RED-****
Translationhe was crying out

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hoomaa
hoomaa-r´
****L.Fr
na
na
****
tiʔit
tiʔít_¯_
appearSubj
a
Aux
Taraa
Taraa-r´
****L.Fr
aluwo
aluwo
then
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
hardah
hardáh_¯_
arriveSubj
Translationstrangers came to him, it was the Datooga people that came to him

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hayoda
hayoda-r´
cry.for.helpL.Fr
ngin
ng-a--n
A.3P.FAuxExpect
uʔuu
uʔuúʔ_¯_
cry.outSubj
Translationhe cried out 'hayoda'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hayoda
hayoda-r´
cry.for.helpL.Fr
ngina
ng-a--na
A.3P.FAuxImprf
laleé
laleé´
continue****
Translationhe continued 'hayoda'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hoomaár
hoomaa-r´
****L.Fr
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
hardát
hardát´
arrive****
a
Aux
Taraa
Taraa-r´
****L.Fr
Translationthe strangers who arrived were Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
****L.Fr
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
hardát
hardát´
arrive****
loʕoorí
loʕoo-r´
leavesL.FrDem1
sleemeeroo
****
****
ar
ar
Ana.F
xaʔanowí
xaʔanó
treeL.MoDem1
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
húʔ
húʔ´
fall****
yaamù
yaamú_`_
downEmph
TranslationThe Datooga people arrived, all these leaves of this tree had fallen down

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
heé
hee
personL.Mo
umó
umó
every
heewoo
hee=oo
personL.Mo=Top
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
hardah
hardáh_¯_
arriveSubj
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
looʕír
looʕi-r´
leafL.Fr
ni
ni
****
ohi
oh-i
catch****
wák
wák
one
wák
wák
one
Translationhe said "every person who arrives here, pick up one leaf each"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsár
tsár
two
ma
m-∅-
ProhibA.PAux
kiʕaar
kíʕ-aar
return.(intr.)Imp.Neg
Translation"don't go back twice"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
ohahín
oh~ah-ín
catch~REDExt
Translationthey were picked up

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hooo
****
****
loʕoo
loʕoo-r´
leavesL.Fr
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
faakî
faak-i_ˆ_
finish****Q
wák
wák
one
wák
wák
one
hheʔe
****
****
loʕoo
loʕoo-r´
leavesL.Fr
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
yaamuwa
yaamu_´_-wa
earthL.N0Abl
hatsikeê
háts-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
be.full************Q
Translationhey! were the leaves finished one by one? hey, wasn't the ground covered?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
tlawseʔ
****
****
waatleʔ
waátl-eʔ
return.(intrans.)Imp.Pl
Translationhe said "go home, come back (tomorrow)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kiiʕeʔ
kiíʕ-eʔ
return.(intr.)Imp.Pl
Translationcome back

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muu
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
motloo
motloo
in.the.morning
doogareʔ
doog-areʔ
addImp.Vent.Pl.O
Translationincrease the (amount of) people for me tomorrow

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kunguna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
doóg
doog´
add****
Translationthey were increased

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
ohín
oh-ín´
catchExt****
Translationthey were picked up

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
faakî
faak-i_ˆ_
finish****Q
Translationwere they finished?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
tlawseʔ
****
****
waatleʔ
waátl-eʔ
return.(intrans.)Imp.Pl
Translationhe said "go home, come back"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
looʕi
looʕi-r´
leafL.Fr
doogareʔ
doog-areʔ
addImp.Vent.Pl.O
Translation"increase the leaves"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gadáʔ
ga-r´-dáʔ
thingL.Fr-Dem4
muu
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
doogareʔ
doog-areʔ
addImp.Vent.Pl.O
****
****
****
muu
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
doóg
doog´
add****
Translationthat was increase the people, the people were increased

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
booloo
booloo-r´
dayL.Fr
tám
tám
three
looʕi
looʕi-r´
leafL.Fr
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
muukú
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
alqónd
alqónd
resemble
umó
umó
every
heewoo
hee=oo
personL.Mo=Top
alkwí
alkwí
now
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
wák
wák
one
wàk
wák_`_
oneEmph
Translationon the third day, the leaves were even with the people, every person each had one

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
tiwa
t-i--wa
MPS.3AuxBack
waatliyiʔ
waatl-iyíʔ_¯_
return.(intrans.)****Subj
a
Aux
bará
bará
in
marʔoo
marʔoo-r´
cavesL.Fr
Translationthe place where they returned was in caves

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
****L.Fr
booloodáʔ
booloo-r´-dáʔ
dayL.Fr-Dem4
maray
maray_´_
housesL.N0
i
i-
S.3Aux
kahhiyáʔ
kaáhh-iyáʔ
be.absentN.Pres
Translationthe Datooga people in those days did not have houses, they lived in caves like the Hadzabe people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
bará
bará
in
marʔoo
marʔoo-r´
cavesL.Fr
bará
bará
in
kan
t-ng-a--n
MPA.3P.FAuxExpect
hoot
hoot
live
marʔoo
marʔoo-r´
cavesL.Fr
Translationthey lived in caves

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
hoot
hoot
live
a
Aux
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
Hagitee
****
****
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
bará
bará
in
Translationin stones

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axamiís
axamiís
listen
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tlaʕe
tlaʕe
stones
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dirihee
di-r´-hee
placeL.FrDem1****
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
buʔut
****
****
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
loʕoo
loʕoo-r´
leavesL.Fr
nga
ng-a--(g)a
A.3P.FAuxPrf
fák
fák´
finish****
Translationwhen they finished here, the Datooga people finished the leaves

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
ire
i--re
S.3AuxConsec
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
gimiseʔ
****
****
anaga
aní∅--(g)a
ProPers.1SgS.PAuxPrf
tláw
tláw´
wake.up****
uruwarʔéʔ
uruwa-r´-ʔéʔ
roadL.FrPoss.1Sg
a
Aux

DemF
Translationand Haymú said "okay, I am going, my path is this one"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ordyo
****
****
muukú
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
neetoór
neetoo-r´
****L.Fr
slaaʔ
slaaʔ_¯_
wantSubj
nee
nee
and
kuungáʔ
kuungáʔ
ProPers.2Pl
amorí
amoo-r´
placeL.FrDem1
Translation"you young men, the people (who) want a game with you(pl.) are here"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
uruwarí
uruwa-r´
roadL.FrDem1
na
na
****
ohareʔ
oh-areʔ
catchImp.Vent.Pl.O
aluʔéʔ
alu_´_-ʔéʔ
rearL.N0Poss.1Sg
delari
****
****
Translationfollow this path, behind me

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
bara
bar-∅-
ifS.PAux
tláw
tláw´
wake.up****
Translationwhen I leave

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
bara
bar-∅-
ifS.PAux
Translationwhen I return home

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
hindi
waátl´
return.(intrans.)****
aga
****
****
tláw
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
Translationnow, I have gone, follow me

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tláw
tláw´
wake.up****
ni
ni
Vent
aluʔéʔ
alu_´_-ʔéʔ
rearL.N0Poss.1Sg
tleeráʔ
tleér-áʔ
go2Pl
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
motloo
motloo
in.the.morning
ni
ni
Vent
tleeráʔ
tleér-áʔ
go2Pl
Translationgo tomorrow

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
hheʔe
****
****
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
waatlikeê
waatl-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
return.(intrans.)************Q
amór
amoo-r´
placeL.Fr
muukós
muu-kú-ós
peopleL.MkPoss.3Sg
Translationhey, so didn't Haymú return to his people?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
hardah
hardáh_¯_
arriveSubj
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
naʕayʔéʔ
naʕay-ʔéʔ
childL.MoPoss.1Sg
hariisareʔ
hariís-areʔ
giveImp.Vent.Pl.O
Translationwhen he returned he said "bring me my child"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tana
t--na
MPAuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
muukudáʔ
muu-kú-dáʔ
peopleL.Mk-Dem4
nee
nee
and
atén
atén
ProPers.1Pl
ta
ta-u--(g)a
MP.1PlP.MAuxPrf
neetaan
neét-aán_¯_
play1.PlSubj
uga
∅-u--(g)a
A.PP.MAuxPrf
sleerî
sleér-i_ˆ_
get****Q
Translationthey said "did you get those people to play with us?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
ngwa
ng-u--wa
A.3P.MAuxBack
sláw
sláw´
get****
matloo
matloo-r´
tomorrowL.Fr
loʔaár
loʔaa-r´
hourL.Fr
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
Translationhe said "I got them, tomorrow, when the sun is here (lit. the sun of this place)"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
loʔaár
loʔaa-r´
hourL.Fr
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
loʔaár
loʔaa-r´
hourL.Fr
diriyee
di-r´=ee
placeL.FrDem1=Top
Translation"when the sun is here"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
bar
bar
if
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
garoo
ga-r´-oo
thingL.Fr****
gasí
ga-r´-sí
thingL.FrDem2
a
Aux
loʔaár
loʔaa-r´
hourL.Fr
tsiyehheekeê
tsiyéhh-aká-ee_ˆ_
four********Q
Translationisn't it like ten o'clock?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
loʔaár
loʔaa-r´
hourL.Fr
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
Translation"when the sun is here"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
bara
bar-∅-a-
ifA.PP.FAux
andéʔ
ánd-éʔ
see2.Pl
teeri
teeri-r´
dustL.Fr
dawri
dawri_´_
heavensL.N0
nga
ng-i--(g)a
A.3P.NAuxPrf
mút
mút´
pierce****
Translation"when you(pl.) see the dust covering the sky"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tlaraàngw
tlaraangw_`_
dustL.MoEmph
Translationdust

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
teeri
teeri-r´
dustL.Fr
dawri
dawri_´_
heavensL.N0
birnga
bar-ng-i--(g)a
ifA.3P.NAuxPrf
mút
mút´
pierce****
Translation"when the dust covers the sky"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mm
mm
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
lawuluhúng
lawulu_´_-húng
spearsL.N0Poss.2Pl
otaak
ót-aak
catchImp.Pl.O
Translation"take up your spears"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ʕéw
ʕéw
westL.Na
ni
ni
Vent
qaytsiitaak
qaytsiít-aak
lookImp.Pl.O
Translation"look to the west"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
hardahiyíʔ
hardáh-iyíʔ
arrive****
ti
ti
Rec
tsuuʕee
tsuúʕ-ee
killImp.Sg.O
Translationyes "it is that they have arrived, kill each other"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
hheʔe
****
****
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
naʕaywós
naʕay-ós
childL.MoPoss.3Sg
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
hariisikeê
hariis-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
give************Q
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
ngiwa
ng-i--wa
A.3P.NAuxBack
ooʔ
ooʔ_¯_
saySubj
Translationand so, wasn't Haymú brought his child in this way when he said it?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
xweerawookeê
xweera_´_-oo-aká-ee_ˆ_
eveningL.N0************Q
naʕaywós
naʕay-ós
childL.MoPoss.3Sg
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
hariisî
hariis-i_ˆ_
give****Q
Translationwasn't it evening when his child was brought?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
loʔaa
loʔaa-r´
sunL.Fr
darát
dát-ar-
come.inExt
Translationthe sun went down

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕaywós
naʕay-ós
childL.MoPoss.3Sg
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
óh
oh´
catch****
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
TranslationHaymú took his child

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕaywós
naʕay-ós
childL.MoPoss.3Sg
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
óh
oh´
catch****
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Muhanga
Muhanga
Muhanga
Translationhe took his child, Haymú Muhanga

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕaywós
naʕay-ós
childL.MoPoss.3Sg
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
óh
oh´
catch****
Translationhe took his child

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
inʔín
inín
ProPers.3Pl
tawa
ta--wa
TempAuxBack
qaát
qaat´
lie.down****
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
qaatî
qaat-i_ˆ_
lie.down****Q
Translationhey, when they slept, did Haymú sleep?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
tláy
tláy´
go****
Translationhe left

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
amór
amoo-r´
placeL.Fr
ta
t-i--(g)a
MPS.3AuxPrf
káy
káy´
go****
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
xuuʔî
xuuʔ-i_ˆ_
know****Q
Translationwhere he went, is it known?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
amór
amoo-r´
placeL.Fr
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
káy
káy´
go****
matlatleeroo
matlatlee-r´=oo
morningL.Fr=Top
doʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
a
Aux
sluhhì
sluhhi-tá_`_
abandoned.houseL.FtEmph
Translationwhere(ever) Haymú went, in the morning, the house was abandoned

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
xáy
xáy
PolarQ
Translationhey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dóʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
a
Aux
sluhhi
sluhhi
abandoned.house
TranslationHaymú's house was abandoned

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
basi
basi
so
loʔaardáʔ
loʔaa-r´-dáʔ
hourL.Fr-Dem4
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
hardát
hardát´
arrive****
nee
nee
and
Gorwaa
Gorwaa
****
tina
ti-na
RecImprf
lalee
lalee
continue
lalee
lalee
continue
lalee
lalee
continue
lalee
lalee
continue
lalee
lalee
continue
lalee
lalee
continue
lalee
lalee
continue
Translationso (when) the sun was there, the Datooga people arrived and with the Gorwaa they fought and fough and fought and fought and fought and fought and fought

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heé
hee
personL.Mo
ta
t-
MPAux
bay
báy_¯_
callSubj
Naʕaa
Naʕaa
Naʕaa
Translationa person called Na/aa

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
looʕi
looʕi-r´
leafL.Fr
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
óh
oh´
catch****
wa
wa
Prep.Abl
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
Translationa leaf was held like this, the leaf was bewitched by Haymú

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
tsuúnq
tsuunq´
bewitch****
looʕi
looʕi-r´
leafL.Fr
nee
nee
and
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Translationit was bewitched by Haymú

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsuúnq
tsuunq´
bewitch****
nee
nee
and
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
looʕi
looʕi-r´
leafL.Fr
ngiwa
ng-a--wa
A.3P.FAuxBack
hheʔeés
hheʔees´
finish****
tsuunqaroo
tsuunqa-r´-oo
blessingL.Fr****
Naʕaa
Naʕaa
Naʕaa
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
báy
báy´
call****
looʕirí
looʕi-r´
leafL.FrDem1
ohee
óh-ee
catchImp.Sg.O
Translationthe leaf, when he (i.e. Haymú) was finished bewitching it, he say to Na/aa "hold this leaf"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
looʕi
looʕi-r´
leafL.Fr
ngina
ng-a--na
A.3P.FAuxImprf
óh
oh´
catch****
Translationhe held the leaf

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muukú
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
ta
t-
MPAux
slaqatiis
slaqaat-iis
tire.(intr.)Ext
Translationthe people will be made tired

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
bara
bar-∅-a-
ifA.PP.FAux
ánd
ánd
see****
muukusí
muu-kú-sí
peopleL.MkDem2
ta
t-
MPAux
slaáqw
slaaqw´
wage.war****
Translationwhen you see these people fighting

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ta
t-
MPAux
lay
****
****
wa
wa
****
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
wa
wa
****
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationthose who will be defeated, Gorwaa people or Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hayoda
hayoda-r´
cry.for.helpL.Fr
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
looʕisí
looʕi-r´-sí
leafL.FrDem2
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
kwaáhh
kwaahh´
throw****
tlaʕaángw
tlaʕaangw
middleL.Mo
muukudáʔ
muu-kú-dáʔ
peopleL.Mk-Dem4
Translationa 'hayoda' will be called (and) this leaf will be thrown among those people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsifirirí
tsifiri-r´
conflictL.FrDem1
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
igwaʔ
****
****
Translation(and) the bitterness will be over

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
tana
t--na
MPAuxImprf
slaáqw
slaaqw´
wage.war****
loʔaa
loʔaa-r´
sunL.Fr
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
dáh
dah´
come.in****
booloó
booloo_´_
dayL.N0
tsár
tsár
two
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
dáh
dah´
come.in****
booloó
booloo_´_
dayL.N0
tám
tám
three
Goraa
Goraa_´_
****L.N0
tindina
t-ni-na
MPVentImprf
guús
guus´
drive.out****
Translationand so they fought, the sun went down, on the second day it went down, on the third day the Gorwaa people were driven out

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Goraa
Goraa_´_
****L.N0
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
baál
baál´
defeat****
Translationthe Gorwaa were defeated

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
Translationthey were defeated

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
baál
baál´
defeat****
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
asma
asma
because
asltá
asla-tá
fireL.Ft
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
leehhiyíʔ
****
****
Translationbecause of that fire that they brought

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
asma
asma
because
lawalaár
lawalaa-r´
spearL.Fr
inʔín
inín
ProPers.3Pl
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
firoór
firoo-r´
prayerL.Fr
ayiyíʔ
áy-iyíʔ
go****
Translationbecause of that spear they prayed to

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tindiwa
t-ni-wa
MPVentBack
baál
baál´
defeat****
Translationthey were defeated

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Goraa
Goraa_´_
****L.N0
an
-n
AuxExpect
tisíng
-síng
DemFDem2
aluwo
aluwo
then
nina
ni-na
VentImprf
gwagowiyíʔ
****
****
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
baraká
bará-ká
in****
Translationand so, the Gorwaa people are those which fled to there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nire
ni-re
VentConsec
dalaʕiyíʔ
dalaʕ-iyíʔ
********
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
tloomaasí
tloomaa-r´-sí
mountainL.FrDem2
ar
ar
Ana.F
ʕAnaangw
ʕAnaangw
ʕAnaangw
Translationand they arrived at this Mount /Anang

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
yiikwaʔín
yiikwaʔ_´_-ʔín
****L.N0Poss.3Pl
kodáʔ
ko-dáʔ
Indef.N-Dem4
nga
ng-i--(g)a
A.3P.NAuxPrf
geexayikeê
geexay-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
****************Q
baabà
baabá_`_
fatherEmph
Translationhey, the Gorwaa, didn't they leave their cattle behind?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aree
ár-ee
seeImp.Sg.O
Translationlook

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
yiikwaʔín
yiikwaʔ_´_-ʔín
****L.N0Poss.3Pl
kodáʔ
ko-dáʔ
Indef.N-Dem4
nga
ng-i--(g)a
A.3P.NAuxPrf
geexayikeê
geexay-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
****************Q
hheʔe
****
****
slami
****
****
Translationmoreover, they left their cattle

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
niwa
ni-wa
VentBack
gowiyíʔ
goów-iyíʔ
flee****
Translationwhen they fled

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
dát
dát
come.in
bará
bará
in
maraydáʔ
maray_´_-dáʔ
housesL.N0-Dem4
Translationthe Datooga people entered into those houses

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationthe Datooga people went into those houses, the Datooga people went back into those caves

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maraydáʔ
maray_´_-dáʔ
housesL.N0-Dem4
ngina
ng-i--na
A.3P.NAuxImprf
i
=i
=Vent
dát
dát
come.in
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
a
Aux
kiiʕiyíʔ
kiiʕ-iyíʔ
return.(intr.)****
bará
bará
in
marʔoo
marʔoo-r´
cavesL.Fr
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuungáʔ
kuungáʔ
ProPers.2Pl
sayitâ
****
****
Translationhow are you(pl.)?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
sayúw
****
****
Translationwe are well

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
kiiʕiyí
kiiʕ-iyí
return.(intr.)****
bará
bará
in
marʔoo
marʔoo-r´
cavesL.Fr
Translationthe Datooga people returned to the caves

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
yiikwá
yiikwa_´_
cattle\LFL.N0
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
kire
t-ng-i--re
MPA.3P.NAuxConsec
hayóh
hayoh´
take.away****
nee
nee
and
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationthe cattle of the Gorwaa people were taken by the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
alkwí
alkwí
now
Translationnow, where the Datooga people stayed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
ari
ari
isnʔt.it
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
kire
t-ng-i--re
MPA.3P.NAuxConsec
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
iwiít
iwiit´
sit****
iwit
iwít_¯_
sitSubj
Translationthose of the Gorwaa were occupied (i.e. the houses of the Gorwaa were occupied by the Datooga)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
alkwí
alkwí
now
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
kin
t-ng-i--n
MPA.3P.NAuxExpect
wahand
wah-and
drink****
Translationand now milk was drunk

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
kin
t-ng-i--n
MPA.3P.NAuxExpect
andiim
andiim
****
Translationmilk was tasted

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
ki
t-ng-i-
MPA.3P.NAux
tsaaq
****
****
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
xuʔî
xúʔ-i_ˆ_
know****Q
hheʔe
****
****
Translationmilk was tasted, hey, did they know it?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
niwa
ni-wa
VentBack
intsahhand
intsahh-and
********
ya
ya
thus
tsukú
tsu-kú
sweetnessL.Mk
uluwa
uluwa_´_
milkL.N0
nguwa
ng-u--wa
A.3P.MAuxBack
sleer
sleér_¯_
****Subj
Translationwhen they got used to it it was thus, when they got the sweetness of milk

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kalaʕa
kalaʕa-r´
steppingL.Fr
hargeê
hargee_ˆ_
****Q
Translationfootprints

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
koqáʔ
ko-qáʔ
Indef.MDem3
Translationthat one of that room now said "these cattle of this enclosure are mine"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
chumbarqáʔ
chumba-r´-qáʔ
****L.FrDem3
alkwí
alkwí
now
ari
ari
isnʔt.it
i
i-
S.3Aux
kahi
káh-i_¯_
say****Subj
yiikwaká
yiikwa_´_-ká
cattle\LFL.N0****
oo
oo
Ana.N
slumatí
slumta-tá
cattle.enclosureL.FtDem1
a
Aux
kweʔéʔ
kwí-ʔéʔ
DemNPoss.1Sg
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
koqáʔ
ko-qáʔ
Indef.NDem3
oo
oo
Ana.M
chumbarqáʔ
chumba-r´-qáʔ
****L.FrDem3
i
i-
S.3Aux
kahi
káh-i_¯_
say****Subj
yiikwaká
yiikwa_´_-ká
cattle\LFL.N0****
oo
oo
Ana.N
slumatí
slumta-tá
cattle.enclosureL.FtDem1
a
Aux
kweʔéʔ
kwí-ʔéʔ
DemNPoss.1Sg
Translationthat one of that room said "these cattle of this enclosure are mine"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
a
Aux
kiiʕî
kiiʕ-i_ˆ_
return.(intr.)****Q
Translationdid the Datooga people return?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Gora
Gora
Gora
kodáʔ
ko-dáʔ
Indef.M-Dem4
tindina
t-ni-na
MPVentImprf
digir-delaali
digirdelaali
********
nee
nee
and
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationhey, the Gorwaa people were followed by the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
ʕAnaangwsí
ʕAnaangw-sí
ʕAnaangwL.MoDem2
tindina
t-ni-na
MPVentImprf
disi
di-r´-sí-i
placeL.FrDem2Lat
digir-delali
****
****
Translationthe Gorwaa to this /Anangw they were followed to there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tindiwa
t-ni-wa
MPVentBack
guús
guus´
drive.out****
heé
hee
personL.Mo
ta
t-
MPAux
báy
báy´
call****
Irqutu
Irqutu
Iraqw.person
Translationthey were chased away, the person called Iraqw

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heé
hee
personL.Mo
ta
t-
MPAux
báy
báy´
call****
Irqutu
Irqutu
Iraqw.person
nee
nee
and
heé
hee
personL.Mo
ta
t-
MPAux
báy
báy´
call****
Gormo
Gormo
Gorwaa.personL.Mo
Translationthe person called Iraqw and the person called Gorwaa

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muukí
muu-kú
peopleL.MkDem1
a
Aux
magâ
magâ
how.many
Translationthese people are how many?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heewí
hee
personL.MoDem1
ku
t-ng-u-
MPA.3P.MAux
báy
báy´
call****
Irqutu
Irqutu
Iraqw.person
Translationthis person called Iraqw

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heewí
hee
personL.MoDem1
ku
t-ng-u-
MPA.3P.MAux
báy
báy´
call****
Gormo
Gormo
Gorwaa.personL.Mo
Translationthis person called Gorwaa

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heewí
hee
personL.MoDem1
ku
t-ng-u-
MPA.3P.MAux
báy
báy´
call****
Alawumo
Alawumo
Alagwa.people
Translationthis person called Alagwa

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heewí
hee
personL.MoDem1
ku
t-ng-u-
MPA.3P.MAux
báy
báy´
call****
Burungumo
****
****
Translationthis person called Burunge

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muukí
muu-kú
peopleL.MkDem1
a
Aux
magâ
magâ
how.many
Translationthese people are how many?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsiyéhh
tsiyéhh
four
Translationfour

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsiyéhh
tsiyéhh
four
Translationfour

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
tindiwa
t-ni-wa
MPVentBack
gów
gow´
flee****
Translationwhen they fled

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Gormo
Gormo
Gorwaa.personL.Mo
Translationthe Gorwaa person

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Gormo
Gormo
Gorwaa.personL.Mo
niwa
ni-wa
VentBack
gów
gow´
flee****
Translationwhen the Gorwaa person fled

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
ʕeét
ʕeet´
go.down****
bará
bará
in
hhapeerí
hhapee-r´
soilL.FrDem1
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
ngiwa
ng-a--wa
A.3P.FAuxBack
tsaát
tsaat´
cut****
alkwí
alkwí
now
ta
t-
MPAux
kah
kah
say****
hhapeerí
hhapee-r´
soilL.FrDem1
a
Aux
gortoʔo
****
****
Translationhe descended to this land, when the Gorwaa person cut it (i.e. the land) he said this land is Gorwaa

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Irqutu
Irqutu
Iraqw.person
gawá
gawá
on
daandó
daanda
backL.Mo
gadáʔ
ga-r´-dáʔ
thingL.Fr-Dem4
kawa
t-ng-a--wa
MPA.3P.FAuxBack
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
oo
oo
Ana.M
oo
oo
Ana.M
gasí
ga-r´-sí
thingL.FrDem2
oo
oo
Ana.M
Balangda
Balangda
Balangida
Translationthe Iraqw person went up on top of this thing of Balangida

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Irqutu
Irqutu
Iraqw.person
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
gitlay
gitláy
hey
Gormò
****
****
ti
ti
Rec
konaʔ
****
****
inʔín
inín
ProPers.3Pl
tsár
tsár
two
Translationthe Iraqw person said "hey Gorwaa person" they were together, those two

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Irangumo
****
****
nee
nee
and
Burungumo
****
****
ta
t-
MPAux
amorqáʔ
amoo-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
Translationthe Rangi person and the Burunge person went down that way

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Alawumo
Alawumo
Alagwa.people
huw
huw_¯_
bringSubj
Alawumo
Alawumo
Alagwa.people
TranslationAlagwa person, Alagwa person

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Alawumo
Alawumo
Alagwa.people
nee
nee
and
Burungumo
****
****
ta
t-
MPAux
amorqáʔ
amoo-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
huw
huw_¯_
bringSubj
Translationthe Alagwa person and the Burunge person went down that way

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muukusí
muu-kú-sí
peopleL.MkDem2
a
Aux
muukú
muu-kú
peopleL.Mk
baabó
baabá
fatherL.Mo
wák
wák
one
Translationthese people are people of one father

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
baabá
baabá
fatherL.Mo
a
Aux
wák
wák
one
amorqahee
amoo-r´-qáʔ-oo
placeL.FrDem3****
Translationthe father is one there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
muukí
muu-kú
peopleL.MkDem1
tsiyéhh
tsiyéhh
four
baabá
baabá
fatherL.Mo
ni
ni
****
hii
hii
****
Translationfour people, the father is this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
wakeê
wák-ee_ˆ_
one****Q
Translationis it one?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
axaasee
axaás-ee
hearImp.Sg.O
Translationlisten

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heewí
hee
personL.MoDem1
ta
t-
MPAux
báy
báy´
call****
Irqutu
Irqutu
Iraqw.person
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
Gormo
Gormo
Gorwaa.personL.Mo
xayge
xayge
EmphEmph
****
****
****
a
Aux
hhiyawós
hhiyaʔ-ós
brotherL.MoPoss.3Sg
ari
ari
isnʔt.it
Translationthis person called Iraqw, he said "I say, Gorwaa" it was his brother

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
xayge
xayge
EmphEmph
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
ta
t-
MPAux
ʕiisaan
ʕiís-aán_¯_
do1.PlSubj
Translationhe said "hey, what shall we do?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hindi
****
****
tunda
t-tundu--(g)a
MP****AuxPrf
lalee
lalee
continue
Translation"now we have been defeated"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
lawalaarqáʔ
lawalaa-r´-qáʔ
spearL.FrDem3
tindar
t-tindi--(g)a-r
MPP.1PlAuxPrf-Instr
mutatín
muut~at-ín
pierce~REDExt
a
∅-a-
A.PP.FAux
tseʔesaanakeê
tseʔeés-aán-aká-ee_ˆ_
****1.Pl********Q
neer
neer
with
awú
awu
bullL.Mo
boóʕ
boóʕ
black
Translation"those spears with which we were pireced, shouldn't we cool them with a black bull?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gawá
gawá
on
slaqooreneê
slaqoo_´_-rén-ee_ˆ_
bodyL.N0Poss.1Pl****Q
Translation"on our bodies?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gawá
gawá
on
slaqoorenee
slaqoo_´_-rén-ee_ˆ__`_
bodyL.N0Poss.1Pl****QEmph
Translation"on our bodies?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Gormo
Gormo
Gorwaa.personL.Mo
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
daʔayút
daʔayút´
fear****
ge
ge
Emph
asma
asma
because
Taraâ
****
****
Translationthe Gorwaa person said "you are afraid, hey, because of the Datoogs people?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ana
∅--na
S.PAuxImprf
tseʔeesaká
tseʔeés-aká
********
Translation"I am not cooling (them) down"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Irqutu
Irqutu
Iraqw.person
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
tseʔeés
tseʔeés´
********
Translationthe Iraqw person cooled them off

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwo
aluwo
then
Irqutu
Irqutu
Iraqw.person
ire
i--re
S.3AuxConsec
tláy
tláy´
go****
Translationand then the Iraqw person went

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
tsaʕán
tsaʕán´
climb****
tloomaa
tloomaa-r´
mountainL.Fr
Translationhe climbed the mountain

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
tsaʕán
tsaʕán´
climb****
tloomaa
tloomaa-r´
mountainL.Fr
ire
i--re
S.3AuxConsec
hiʔimamiít
hiʔi-ma~--m-it´
walkPlurExtwalk****
Translationhe climbed the mountain, and he went

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwó
****
****
Iruqutu
****
****
Translationand then the Iraqw person

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heé
hee
personL.Mo
ta
t-
MPAux
báy
báy´
call****
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
ngwa
ng-u--wa
A.3P.MAuxBack
i
=i
=Vent
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Kuta
Kuta
Kuta
Translationthe person called Haymú, the place he went (was) Kuta

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
lawaalimó
lawaalimo
servantL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
ku
t-ng-u-
MPA.3P.MAux
báy
báy´
call****
Translationthe steward of Haymú was called

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Moyán
Moyán
Moyán
TranslationMoyán

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
A.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationdid you hear?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
A.PAux
axamiís
axamiís
listen
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tlawi
tlawi-tá
lakeL.Ft
i
i-
S.3Aux
deer
deer
be.present****
Kutoo
Kuta-oo
Kuta****
Translationthere is a lake called Kuta

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
tana
t--na
MPAuxImprf
diriwa
di-r´-wa
placeL.FrDem1Back
hoót
hoot´
live****
Translationso they lived there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hoót
hoot´
live****
hoót
hoot´
live****
hoót
hoot´
live****
hoót
hoot´
live****
Translationlived lived lived lived

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwo
aluwo
then
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ar
ár_¯_
seeSubj
a
Aux
xuuʔaká
xuúʔaká
know****
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
Translationand then Haymú, what he saw I don't know, he said, he said

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
lawaalimó
lawaalimo
servantL.Mo
mas
m--s
QAuxReason
kwí
kwí
DemM
ta
t-
MPAux
báy
báy´
call****
aso
aso
okay
da
da
wait
ta
t-
MPAux
báy
báy´
call****
Moyán
Moyán
Moyán
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
báy
báy´
call****
Moyán
Moyán
Moyán
lawalaa
lawalaa-r´
spearL.Fr
TranslationHaymú, the steward called, he who was called Moyán, he told him "Moyan, the spear"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
loʔaa
loʔaa-r´
sunL.Fr
dirqáʔ
di-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
loʔaa
loʔaa-r´
sunL.Fr
i
i-
S.3Aux
darát
dát-ar-
come.inExt
dirqáʔ
di-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
Translation"(when) the sun (is) there, (when) the sun arrives there"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
Moyán
Moyán
Moyán
aso
aso
okay
tláw
tláw
****
Translationhe said "Moyan go"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
gadáʔ
ga-r´-dáʔ
thingL.Fr-Dem4
nga
ng-a--(g)a
A.3P.FAuxPrf
tsuúnq
tsuunq´
bewitch****
TranslationHaymú had bewitched that thing

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
baqarumó
baqarumó
tree.spL.Mo
buʔi
buʔi-tá
fire.drillL.Ft
Translationa baqarumó' (staff) for making fire

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
tláw
tláw
****
ʕét
ʕét
go.down
Translationhe said "go, descend"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
bara
bar-∅-
ifS.PAux
hardát
hardát´
arrive****
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
tlawi
tlawi-tá
lakeL.Ft
Translation"when you arrive at the lake"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maʔaay
maʔaay_´_
waterL.N0
mi
m-∅-i-
ProhibA.PP.NAux
kalaʕaar
kalaʕ-aar
****Imp.Neg
Translation"don't step in the water"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maʔaay
maʔaay_´_
waterL.N0
hardorqáʔ
****
****
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
niwa
ni-wa
VentBack
duqusee
duúqús-ee
****ExtImp.Sg.O
Translation"(when) the water is like that, you throw (it) here"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gasí
ga-r´-sí
thingL.FrDem2
kwahhee
kwáhh-ee
throwImp.Sg.O
bará
bará
in
maʔaay
maʔaay_´_
waterL.N0
Translation"throw this thing into the water"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maʔaay
maʔaay_´_
waterL.N0
Translationstab the water

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mutee
muút-ee
pierceImp.Sg.O
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maʔaay
maʔaay_´_
waterL.N0
mutee
muút-ee
pierceImp.Sg.O
Translation"stab the water"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
aluwó
****
****
Translationand so

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Moyán
Moyán
Moyán
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
dakuusikeê
dakuus-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
err************Q
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
sleeʕ
sleéʕ
wade.in
maʔaay
maʔaay_´_
waterL.N0
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
hardorí
****
****
Translationdidn't Moyán mess up? He waded into the water up to here

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationdid you hear?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
A.PAux
axamiís
axamiís
listen
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
duquús
duquus´
throw****
hheʔe
****
****
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
artlayikeê
artláy-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
go.with************Q
nee
nee
and
tlawi
tlawi-tá
lakeL.Ft
Moyán
Moyán
Moyán
Translationand so he threw it, hey - he was taken by the lake, Moyán

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tlawi
tlawi-tá
lakeL.Ft
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
qútl
qútl
go.away
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Maandá
****
****
Daʕáw
daʕáw
east
Translationthe lake moved to Mbugweland (lit. East Bantu)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
an
-n
AuxExpect
toqáʔ
-qáʔ
DemFDem3
tawa
t--wa
MPAuxBack
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
sayM-PstSubj
tlawitá
tlawi-tá
lakeL.Ft
Moyán
Moyán
Moyán
Maandá
****
****
Daʕáw
daʕáw
east
Translationit is that which is called Lake Moyán, Mbugweland

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
an
-n
AuxExpect
tlawitaqáʔ
tlawi-tá-qáʔ
lakeL.FtDem3
Translationit is that lake

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
an
-n
AuxExpect
umó
uma
nameL.Mo
hee
hee
personL.Mo
Translationit is the name of a person

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
garqáʔ
ga-r´-qáʔ
thingL.FrDem3
Translationthe reason it is called Moyán is the steward of the house of Haymú

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tas
t--s
MPAuxReason
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
sayM-PstSubj
Moyán
Moyán
Moyán
a
Aux
lawaalimó
lawaalimo
servantL.Mo
oo
oo
Ana.M
dóʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
hayóh
hayoh´
take.away****
Translationhe was carried away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationdid you hear?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axamiís
axamiís
listen
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Translationhey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
aluwó
****
****
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
tláy
tláy´
go****
nee
nee
and
hindí
hindí
now
amór
amoo-r´
placeL.Fr
i
i-
MP.S.3Aux
diri
di-r´-i
placeL.FrLat
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
xuuʔî
xuuʔ-i_ˆ_
know****Q
Translationand then Haymú, where he went, and now where it is, is it known?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
xuuʔiká
xuuʔ-i-aká
know********
Translationit is unknown

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
xuuʔikâ
xuuʔ-i-aká_ˆ_
know********Q
Translationit is not known

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
amór
amoo-r´
placeL.Fr
i
i-
MP.S.3Aux
diri
di-r´-i
placeL.FrLat
Haymú
Haymú
Haymú
Muhanga
Muhanga
Muhanga
i
i-
S.3Aux
amolâ
amoo-r´-lâ
placeL.Fr****
TranslationHaymú, where is he, where is Haymú Muhanga?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwó
****
****
laatí
laatí
oh!
aang
aáng
in.the.past
ya
ya
thus
Translationafter this in the past it was thus:

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Jerman
****
****
niwa
ni-wa
VentBack
tiʔiít
tiʔiit´
appear****
Translationthe Germans arrived

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
masongó
****
****
Jerman
****
****
Translationthe German white people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
tiʔiít
tiʔiit´
appear****
Galapoo
Galapoo
Galapoo
niwa
ni-wa
VentBack
áy
áy
go****
Translationwhen they appeared, they went to Galapoo

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
barisee
barisee-r´
****L.Fr
ngina
ng-a--na
A.3P.FAuxImprf
báy
báy´
call****
Translationthe old people said

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
disír
di-r´-sí-r
placeL.FrDem2-Instr
Masong
Masong
white.people
ala
ala
****
mawee
máw-ee
stopImp.Sg.O
Translationhere, leave the white people for a bit

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
qoomés
qoom-és
be.goodExt
Translationfinish here

Word
Morpheme
Gloss

DemF
Gora
Gora
Gora
kiwa
t-ng-i--wa
MPA.3P.NAuxBack
gusasín
guus~as-ín
drive.out~REDExt
gusasín
guus~as-ín
drive.out~REDExt
Translationthis (where) the Gorwaa people were driven out and driven out

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kire
t-ng-a--re
MPA.3P.FAuxConsec
dalaʕa
****
****
Singe
Singe
Singe
Translationand they arrived at Singe

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aree
ár-ee
seeImp.Sg.O
Translationlook, the Gorwaa people were driven out to /Anangw

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
kina
t-ng-i--na
MPA.3P.NAuxImprf
guús
guus´
drive.out****
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
ʕAnaangw
ʕAnaangw
ʕAnaangw
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
dirqáʔ
di-r´-qáʔ
placeL.FrDem3
tawa
t--wa
MPAuxBack
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
sayM-PstSubj
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
Endasak
Endasak
Endasak
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
tloomaadáʔ
tloomaa-r´-dáʔ
mountainL.Fr-Dem4
ar
ar
Ana.F
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
tin
t--n
MPAuxExpect
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
didáʔ
di-r´-dáʔ
placeL.Fr-Dem4
Translationto that place which is called... to Endasak, to that mountain like that until that place

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dakwí
dawa-kú
handL.MkDem1
koká
koká
DemN
a
Aux
guús
guus´
drive.out****
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
ʕAnaangw
ʕAnaangw
ʕAnaangw
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
ʕAnaangw
ʕAnaangw
ʕAnaangw
gurʔoqáʔ
guraʔ-qáʔ
stomachL.MoDem3
Translationthis side there they chased them to /Anangwm to /Anangw that side

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tindina
t-ni-na
MPVentImprf
dirqawa
di-r´-qáʔ-wa
placeL.FrDem3Abl
tleés
tleés_2_-i´
lift.onto.headM-Pst
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr

DemF
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
Translationthey were moved from that side, the Gorwaa people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
idosí
ido-r´-sí
mannerL.FrDem2
ti
ti
Rec
kwakon
****
****
Translationcontinue in this way

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tindiwa
t-ni-wa
MPVentBack
Translationthey were chased away, listen up

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
guús
guus´
drive.out****
iiʔaʔ-qaaseʔ
iiʔaʔqaás-eʔ
****putImp.Pl
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mm
mm
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Translationhey, now the Gorwaa people, cow is there?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
alkwí
alkwí
now
Goraa
Goraa_´_
****L.N0
slee
slee-r´
cowL.Fr
i
i-
S.3Aux
deeroô
deer=oo_ˆ_
be.present=TopQ
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
káhh
káhh´
be.absent****
Translation(they are) absent

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
Translationa thing to eat is there?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ʕaayiyaʔ
ʕaay-iyáʔ_¯_
eatN.PresSubj
i
i-
S.3Aux
deeroô
deer=oo_ˆ_
be.present=TopQ
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
káhh
káhh´
be.absent****
Translation(it is) absent

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Translationisn't it that the person doesn't farm?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ta
t-
MPAux
dooslikeê
doosl-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
farm************Q
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hhansli
hhansli-r´
spent.cornstalksL.Fr
birka
bar-t-ng-i--(g)a
ifMPA.3P.NAuxPrf
barta
bar-t-
ifMPAux
qaytsiit
qaytsiit
look
hhansli
hhansli-r´
spent.cornstalksL.Fr
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
tleér
tleér
go
Translationspent cornstalks if they... if they saw spent cornstalks blowing up in the wind

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
bira
bar-i--(g)a
ifS.3AuxPrf
qaytsit
qaytsít
look****
hhansli
hhansli-r´
spent.cornstalksL.Fr
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
tlatleér
tla~tleér´
RED~go****
tlatleér
tla~tleér´
RED~go****
tlatleér
tla~tleér´
RED~go****
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
hardát
hardát´
arrive****
ayá
aya
landL.Mo
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationif the Datooga people saw spent cornstalks flying up flying up flying up, arriving at Datoogaland

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ta
t-
MPAux
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
sayM-PstSubj
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
doosliyíʔ
doosl-iyíʔ
farm****
Translationthey said "they have farmed"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
nin
ni-n
VentExpect
dóʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
eer
eér_¯_
goSubj
Translationthe Datooga people would go home

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
balaangw
balaangw
milletL.Mo
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
hamaár
hamaar´
ripen****
Translationyes, the sorghum had ripened

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hayya
hayya
okay
Translationokay

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
tindin
t-ni-n
MPVentExpect
didawa
di-r´-dáʔ-wa
placeL.Fr-Dem4Back
guus
guus
drive.out
Translationthe Gorwaa people would be driven away from that place

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Manaxa
Manaxa(t)
Manaxa
disí
di-r´-sí
placeL.FrDem2
geʕeerkeê
geʕeér-a-aká-ee_ˆ_
look.at************Q
oo
oo
Ana.M
Duuru
Duuru
Duuru
Translationto Manaqa, this place, don't you see, of Duuru

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mm
mm
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Manaxa
Manaxa(t)
Manaxa
TranslationManaqa there the place if you heard, Manaqa is (of the) Gorwaa person

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
doqáʔ
doqáʔ
****
di
di
place
bara
bar-∅-a-
ifA.PP.FAux
axás
axás
hear
Manaxat
****
****
a
Aux
Gormo
Gormo
Gorwaa.personL.Mo
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
di
di
place
bara
bar-∅-a-
ifA.PP.FAux
axás
axás
hear
Manaxa
Manaxa(t)
Manaxa
a
Aux
Gormo
Gormo
Gorwaa.personL.Mo
ayadáʔ
aya-dáʔ
landL.Mo-Dem4
hee
hee
personL.Mo
ngwa
ng-u--wa
A.3P.MAuxBack
tsaat
tsaat
cut****
Translationthe place if you've heard it, Manaqa is Gorwaa, that place a person named

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Manaxatosí
****
****
kunguna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
tsaát
tsaat´
cut****
tindina
t-ni-na
MPVentImprf
disí
di-r´-sí
placeL.FrDem2
áy
áy
go****
tina
t-ni-na
MPVentImprf
guús
guus´
drive.out****
Translationthey named this Manaqam they were come upon in this place, they were chased away

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Translationto Manaqa this one at the side of the lake

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Manaxadowí
****
****
Manaxat
****
****
Translationto this Manaqa

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kwí
kwí
DemM
oo
oo
Ana.M
afkó
afa-kú
mouthL.Mk
tlawi
tlawi-tá
lakeL.Ft
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tindina
t-ni-na
MPVentImprf
dirqay
di-r´-qáʔ-ay
placeL.FrDem3****
áy
áy
go****
Translationthey were come upon there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
tawa
t--wa
MPAuxBack
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
sayM-PstSubj
Translationthe place which they called

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ayaʕaben
****
****
TranslationAya/aben

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ayaʕaben
****
****
TranslationAya/aben

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gasí
ga-r´-sí
thingL.FrDem2
a
Aux
goraa
****
****
Translationthis is Gorwaa people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
Translationit is Gorwaa people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Bagara
Bagara
Bagara
TranslationBagara

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Bagara
Bagara
Bagara
TranslationBagara

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
Aux
gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
Translationit is Gorwaa people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kina
t-ng-i--na
MPA.3P.NAuxImprf
disiwa
di-r´-sí-wa
placeL.FrDem2Abl
guús
guus´
drive.out****
Translationthey were chased from this place

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
Nakwa
Nakwa
Nakwa
kawa
t-ng-a--wa
MPA.3P.FAuxBack
áy
áy
go****
Translationto Nakwa they went

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tuumbó
tuumba
poolL.Mo
Nakwa
Nakwa
Nakwa
kiwa
t-ng-i--wa
MPA.3P.NAuxBack
áy
áy
go****
Translationto the pool of Nakwa they went

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
malé
****
****
dirka
di-r´-ka
placeL.Fr****
i
i-
S.3Aux
deer
deer
be.present****
dirqaʔee
di-r´-qáʔ-ee
placeL.FrDem3****
ta
t-
MPAux
kahi
káh_2_-i´_¯_
sayM-PstSubj
Manaqa
****
****
Translationand even a certain place is there, there it is called Manaqa

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tina
t-i--na
MPS.3AuxImprf
mák
****
****
didáʔ
di-r´-dáʔ
placeL.Fr-Dem4
i
=i
=Vent
bayiyí
****
****
Translationthey stayed there a bit

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kina
t-ng-i--na
MPA.3P.NAuxImprf
didawa
di-r´-dáʔ-wa
placeL.Fr-Dem4Abl
guus
guus
drive.out
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Translationthey were chased away from there to...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Galapoo
Galapoo
Galapoo
TranslationGalapoo

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kina
t-ng-i--na
MPA.3P.NAuxImprf
digir-delalee
digirdelalee
********
delalee
****
****
Goraa
Goraa_´_
****L.N0
Translationthey were followed, followed, the Gorwaa people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Singe
Singe
Singe
na
ni-(g)a
VentPrf
iwiwitikeê
i-wi~-wít-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
sit-RED~-sit************Q
Translationdidn't they stay at Singe?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Singe
Singe
Singe
Translationto Singe

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Singeroo
Singer=oo
Singe=Top
kina
t-ng-i--na
MPA.3P.NAuxImprf
didawa
di-r´-dáʔ-wa
placeL.Fr-Dem4Abl
guús
guus´
drive.out****
Translationat Singe they were driven from there

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Singe
Singe
Singe
ngina
ng-a--na
A.3P.FAuxImprf
hootiyíʔ
hoot-iyíʔ
********
karra
karra
so
Translationthey lived in Singe

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Singe
Singe
Singe
hheʔe
****
****
nee
nee
and
dirí
di-r´
placeL.FrDem1
ar
ar
Ana.F
Manaqadowí
****
****
oo
oo
Ana.M
Makwa
****
****
wakekeê
wák-aká-ee_ˆ_
one********Q
TranslationSinge and this place of Manaqa, are they not one?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
afkú
afa-kú
mouthL.Mk
tlawi
tlawi-tá
lakeL.Ft
Translationyes, the edge of the lake

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mm
mm
yes
tina
ti-na
RecImprf
didawa
di-r´-dáʔ-wa
placeL.Fr-Dem4Abl
guús
guus´
drive.out****
Translationyes, they were driven from that place

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Translationto

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Tseeʕá
****
****
Daʕàw
****
****
TranslationTsee/á Da/áw (lit. the eastern plain)

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ayamango
****
****
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
qixitár
****
****
áy
áy
go****
Translationthey settled at Ayamango

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ayamango
****
****
TranslationAyamango

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ayamango
****
****
TranslationAyamango

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hayya
hayya
okay
amorqahee
amoo-r´-qáʔ-oo
placeL.FrDem3****
a
Aux
idola
ido-r´-la
mannerL.Fr****
kiwa
t-ng-i--wa
MPA.3P.NAuxBack
ilaóh
ilaóh´
receive****
Translationokay, what was it like there when they were received?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
amorqahee
amoo-r´-qáʔ-oo
placeL.FrDem3****
hameeri
hameeri-r´
disasterL.Fr
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
tleér
tleér
go
Translationthere a disaster occurred

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hameeri
hameeri-r´
disasterL.Fr
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
malé
****
****
tleér
tleér
go
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
alkwí
alkwí
now
ari
ari
isnʔt.it
Translationa disaster once again occurred, now the Datooga people...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationthe Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
hameeri
hameeri-r´
disasterL.Fr
ngi
ng-i-
A.3P.NAux
tlees
tlees_¯_
lift.onto.headSubj
aqo
=qo
Aux****
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationthe Datooga people, the thing that lifted up this disaster was the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hameeri
hameeri-r´
disasterL.Fr
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ngi
ng-i-
A.3P.NAux
tlees
tlees_¯_
lift.onto.headSubj
aqo
=qo
Aux****
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationthe disaster, the thing that brought it up is the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationthe Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Gaʔo
****
****
a
Aux
eerakeê
eér-aká-ee_ˆ_
go********Q
Translationyou haven't gone to Ga'o?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
heedáʔ
hee-dáʔ
personL.Mo-Dem4
ta
t-
MPAux
bay
báy_¯_
callSubj
Goti
****
****
ala
ala
****
kawee
****
****
Translationgo a bit to that person called Goti

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Goti
****
****
Hileewoô
****
****
TranslationGoti Hilee?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
kodáʔ
ko-dáʔ
Indef.M-Dem4
hee
hee
personL.Mo
ngwa
ng-u--wa
A.3P.MAuxBack
slay
sláy_¯_
getSubj
Translationyes, that one who got a person

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
didáʔ
di-r´-dáʔ
placeL.Fr-Dem4
ta
t-
MPAux
kay
kay
****
dóʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
isowiheekeê
isaʔ-aká-ee_ˆ_
so-and-soL.MoDem1********Q
Translationthe place they went, isn't it the house of such-and-such?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
sahhit
****
****
a
Aux
xeerî
****
****
karra
karra
so
Translationwait, have we really arrived?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
mas
m-∅-a--s
QA.PP.FAuxReason
tisí
-sí
DemFDem2
an
∅-a--n
A.PP.FAuxExpect
kat
****
****
Translationwhy are you saying this?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
daqay
daqáy_¯_
attendSubj
Translationthe young men of that such-and-such, Ganay of, Ganay of, Ganay

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
oo
oo
Ana.M
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
isodáʔ
isaʔ-dáʔ
so-and-soL.Mo-Dem4
i
i-
S.3Aux
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
oo
oo
Ana.M
Baqayó
Baqayó
Baqayó
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
nee
nee
and
oo
oo
Ana.M
Chakó
Chakó
Chakó
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
Translationof Ganay it is Baqayó and Chakó

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
garmá
garma
boyL.Mo
Translationthe boy of this Ganay are Baqayó and Chakó

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ganaysí
Ganay-sí
GanayL.MoDem2
Baqayó
Baqayó
Baqayó
nee
nee
and
Chakó
Chakó
Chakó
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
lawala
lawalaa-r´
spearL.Fr
nga
ng-a--(g)a
A.3P.FAuxPrf
lehhi
****
****
aakò
aako_`_
grandfatherL.MoEmph
malé
malé alé
again
alé
alkwí
now
alkwí
ari
isnʔt.it
ari
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
in
sluuq~aq-ináʔ
win~RED****
Translationhey, they took a spear again, now every time they killed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
birna
bar-i--na
ifS.3AuxImprf
hardát
hardát´
arrive****
Goraa
Goraa_´_
****L.N0
birna
bar-i--na
ifS.3AuxImprf
fiitiyíʔ
fiit-iyíʔ
********
nee
nee
and
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationif the Datooga people arrived, the Gorwaa people if they fought with the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
nee
nee
and
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
tan
t--n
MPAuxExpect
slaaqw
slaaqw_¯_
wage.warSubj
daaqáy
daaqay
boysL.Mo
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
tsuʕuut
tsuuʕ-uut
kill****
Translationthe Datooga people and the Gorwaa people would fight each other, the boys of Ganay would slaughter

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Goraa
Goraa_´_
****L.N0
kaqo
t-ng-a-=qo
MPA.3P.FAux****
tsuʕuu
tsuuʕ-uut_¯_
kill****Subj
TranslationGorwaa were slaughtered

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
matloo
matloo-r´
tomorrowL.Fr
ta
t-
MPAux
kiiʕiyíʔ
kiiʕ-iyíʔ
return.(intr.)****
Translationthe next day they return

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
kaqo
t-ng-a-=qo
MPA.3P.FAux****
tsuʕuu
tsuuʕ-uut_¯_
kill****Subj
Translationthe Gorwaa people are slaughtered

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ka
t-ng-a--(g)a
MPA.3P.FAuxPrf
tsuʕuú
tsuuʕ-uut´
kill********
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ka
t-ng-a--(g)a
MPA.3P.FAuxPrf
Translationthe Datooga people were killed, the Datooga people were killed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ka
tsuuʕ-uut´
kill********
tsuʕuu
t-ng-a--(g)a
MPA.3P.FAuxPrf
Translationthe Datooga people were slaughtered by the line of Ganay

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsuʕuu
tsuuʕ-uut_¯_
kill****Subj
nee
nee
and
hhaayi
hhay
lineL.Mo
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwo
aluwo
then
Translationthen

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heé
hee
personL.Mo
ta
t-
MPAux
bay
báy_¯_
callSubj
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
Translationthe person called Ganay

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwo
aluwo
then
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
aamà
aama-r´_`_
grandmotherL.FrEmph
Translationthen he said "mother"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aamarós
aama-r´-ós
grandmotherL.FrPoss.3Sg
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
óʔ
óʔ´
say****
daqaywí
daqáy
boys\LFDem1
ya
ya
thus
Translationhis wife said "these boys, thus:"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
inoʔín
inoʔín
ProPers.3Pl
slami
****
****
Taraarí
****
****
birnga
bar-ng-a-
ifA.3P.FAux
tuʕiyíʔ
****
****
lawulú
lawulu_´_
spearsL.N0
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ngin
ng-i--n
A.3P.NAuxExpect
waatliyáʔ
waatl-iyáʔ
return.(intrans.)N.Pres
Translation"they moreover if these Datooga people are killed, they return the spears of the Datooga people home"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
ayoo
aya-oo
landL.Mo****
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
kiíng
kiíng
ProPers.2Sg.F
daaqayrén
daaqay-rén
boysL.MoPoss.1Pl
kwí
kwí
DemM
a
Aux
tsareekeê
tsár-aká-ee_ˆ_
two********Q
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
nee
nee
and
kiíng
kiíng
ProPers.2Sg.F
Translationhe said "my wife, me, you, aren't our boys two, me and you?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
daaqaywí
daaqay
boysL.MoDem1
burtungwa
bart-ng-u--wa
ifMPA.3P.MAuxBack
tsuʕuú
tsuuʕ-uut´
kill********
doʔrén
doʔ-rén
houseL.MoPoss.1Pl
kwí
kwí
DemM
aqo
=qo
Aux****
gwaaʔikeê
gwaaʔ-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
die************Q
Translation"if our boys are slaughtered, this house of ours, won't it die?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
doʔwí
doʔ
houseL.MoDem1
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
qwaarikeê
qwar-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
****************Q
Translation"won't this house be lost?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
tana
t--na
MPAuxImprf
báy
báy´
********
Chakó
Chakó
Chakó
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
gaás
gaas´
kill****
tana
t--na
MPAuxImprf
báy
báy´
********
Baqayó
Baqayó
Baqayó
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
gaás
gaas´
kill****
Translationand so they continued, Chakó was killed, and so they continued, Baqayó was killed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kina
t-ng-i--na
MPA.3P.NAuxImprf
tsuuʕikeê
tsuuʕ-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
kill************Q
loʔaár
loʔaa-r´
hourL.Fr
wák
wák
one
Translationweren't they killed in one day?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aʔa
aʔa
no
Translationno

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Chakó
Chakó
Chakó
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
girín
girín´
go.first****
TranslationChakó went before

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Chakó
Chakó
Chakó
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
gaás
gaas´
kill****
TranslationChakó was killed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwo
aluwo
then
tana
t--na
MPAuxImprf
báy
báy´
********
deeloo
deeloo-r´
dayL.Fr
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
gwaʔiká
gwáʔ-i-aká
die********
Baqayó
Baqayó
Baqayó
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
idah
****
****
Translationand then they continued, the day hadn't finished (and) Baqayó was killed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
ma
ma
which
baw
****
****
Translationhe said "what did I tell you?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
doʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
qwarikeê
qwár-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
become.lost************Q
Translation"isn't the house lost?"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
in
i--n
S.3AuxExpect
tlay
tláy_¯_
goSubj
neer
neer
with
lawalaár
lawalaa-r´
spearL.Fr
Taraadáʔ
****
****
tindi
t-ni
MPVent
wawatliyí
wa~wátl-iyí
RED~return.(intrans.)****
neer
neer
with
daaqaywós
daaqay-ós
boysL.MoPoss.3Sg
TranslationGanáy went with the spear of those Datooga people which was brought by his sons

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
dóʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
Qutadu
Qutadu
Qutadu
Translationto the house of Qutadu

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
hardáh
hardah´
arrive****
dóʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
Qutadu
Qutadu
Qutadu
Translationwhen he arrived at the house of Qutadu

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
lawalaadáʔ
lawalaa-r´-dáʔ
spearL.Fr-Dem4
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
idorí
ido-r´
mannerL.FrDem1
wa
wa
Prep.Abl
báy
báy´
call****
Translationthat spear went this way

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
qumbtís
****
****
Translationbent

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
tsuúnq
tsuunq´
bewitch****
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
foól
fool´
dig****
yaamù
yaamú_`_
downEmph
Translationit was bewitched, it was dug in the earth

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kay
t-ng-a--ay
MPA.3P.FAuxConsec
qaas
qaas_¯_
putSubj
Translationit was placed

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
lawalaa
lawalaa-r´
spearL.Fr
qoomaasiyeê
qoomaa-r´-sí-ee_ˆ_
timeL.FrDem2****Q
Translationthe spear at that time

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsitsihhitá
tsitsihhi-tá
arrowheadL.Ft
aqo
=qo
Aux****
bará
bará
in
gadariheê
ga-r´-dáʔ-r´-ee_ˆ_
thingL.Fr-Dem4L.FrDem1****Q
Translationthe tip went to what?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsitsihhi
tsitsihhi-tá
arrowheadL.Ft
Translationthe tip

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ga
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
Translationthe tip was broken

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tsitsihhi
tsitsihhi-tá
arrowheadL.Ft
kana
t-ng-a--na
MPA.3P.FAuxImprf
geeqaqáy
gee-qa~-qáy´
break-RED~-break****
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
ta
t-
MPAux
geeqaqay
gee-qa~-qáy_¯_
break-RED~-breakSubj
a
Aux
tsitsihhi
tsitsihhi-tá
arrowheadL.Ft
Translationthe thing which was broken was the tip

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aha
****
****
Translationaha

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
idór
ido-r´
mannerL.Fr
todáʔ
-dáʔ
DemF-Dem4
ar
ar
Ana.F
bará
bará
in
doʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
hindí
hindí
now
Translationlike that one in the house now

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kare
t-ng-a--re
MPA.3P.FAuxConsec
qaás
qaás´
put****
bará
bará
in
boohontó
boohoontó
holeL.Mo
Translationand it was put in the hole

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
danú
danú
honeyL.Mo
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
tsuúnq
tsuunq´
bewitch****
Translationhoney was bewitched

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
nga
ng-a--(g)a
A.3P.FAuxPrf
Duwanqeed
Duwanqeed
****
as
as
Reason
leéhh
leehh´
look.for****
TranslationGanay said he goes to fetch Maasai people for the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
nga
ng-a--(g)a
A.3P.FAuxPrf
Duwanqeedo
Duwanqeed
****L.Mo
as
as
Reason
leéhh
leehh´
look.for****
Translationhe looked for Maasai people for the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
Qutadu
Qutadu
Qutadu
ngin
ng-a--n
A.3P.FAuxExpect
kay
kay
****
ari
ari
isnʔt.it
Translationhey went to Qutadu?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
Qutadu
Qutadu
Qutadu
Translationto Qutadu

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Qutadu
Qutadu
Qutadu
heesí
hee-sí
personL.MoDem2
a
Aux
qwaslarumo
qwaslarumo
doctorL.Mo
TranslationQutadu - this person is a traditional doctor

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
oo
oo
Ana.M
Maanda
Maanda
Bantu.person
Translationyes, of the Maanda

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
qwaslarumó
qwaslarumo
doctorL.Mo
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
dóʔ
doʔ
houseL.Mo
Mageena
****
****
Translationa Datooga traditional healer of the house of the Maanda

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Qutadu
Qutadu
Qutadu
oo
oo
Ana.M
Hiláy
Hiláy
Hiláy
Hiláy
Hiláy
Hiláy
oo
oo
Ana.M
TranslationQutadu of Hiláy, Hiláy of...

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
oo
oo
Ana.M
isodáʔ
isaʔ-dáʔ
so-and-soL.Mo-Dem4
Translationof such-and-such

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
axwés
axwés´
speak****
harge
harge
Emph
asma
asma
because
Translationspeak, you! because that thing is recording the conversation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
garqáʔ
ga-r´-qáʔ
thingL.FrDem3
axweesani
axweesani-tá
utteranceL.Ft
idoriheekeê
ido-r´-aká-ee_ˆ_
mannerL.FrDem1********Q
ngi
ng-i-
A.3P.NAux
ohind
****
****
karra
karra
so
Translationisn't it thus? isn't it thus?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
idoriheekeê
ido-r´-aká-ee_ˆ_
mannerL.FrDem1********Q
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
garqáʔ
ga-r´-qáʔ
thingL.FrDem3
ngisa
ng-a--s-(g)a
A.3P.FAuxReasonPrf
qaás
qaas´
put****
bare
bare
****
a
Aux
axweesani
axweesani-tá
utteranceL.Ft
ohing
****
****
Translationhe put that thing to record the conversation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
karra
karra
so
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
idoriheekeê
ido-r´-aká-ee_ˆ_
mannerL.FrDem1********Q
Translationisn't it thus?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
báy
báy´
call****
danusí
danú-sí
honeyL.MoDem2
Translationhe was told "this honey..."

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
danú
danú
honeyL.Mo
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
tsuúnq
tsuunq´
bewitch****
dahhaangw
dahhaangw
s.o.gourdL.Mo
hardorí
****
****
Translationthe honey was bewitched in a gourd like this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
báy
báy´
call****
danusí
danú-sí
honeyL.MoDem2
un
∅-u--n
A.PP.MAuxExpect
hubabínd
húp~ab-índ
bring~REDExt
hubabínd
húp~ab-índ
bring~REDExt
mu
m-∅-u-
ProhibA.PP.MAux
tlaángw
tlaangw
amongL.Mo
Gorwaar
Gorwaa-r´
****L.Fr
deelar
****
****
Translationhe was told "this honey, you send it, do not go among the Gorwaa people"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
mu
m-∅-u-
ProhibA.PP.MAux
tlaángw
tlaangw
amongL.Mo
Irqwár
Irqwár
Iraqw.person
deelar
****
****
Translation"do not go among the Iraqw people"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gartaqáʔ
gara-tá-qáʔ
forestL.FtDem3
an
∅-a--n
A.PP.FAuxExpect
tlaángw
tlaangw
amongL.Mo
ót
ót
catch****
ar
ar
Ana.F
Iraqw
Iraqw_´_
Iraqw.personL.N0
nee
nee
and
bará
bará
in
tlaángw
tlaangw
amongL.Mo
gara
gara-tá
forestL.Ft
un
∅-u--n
A.PP.MAuxExpect
ar
ár_2_-i´_¯_
seeM-PstSubj
dararát
da-ra~-rát´
come.in-RED~-come.in****
Translation"this forest, you hold it among, of Iraqw people, and in the middle of the forest you enter"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dararát
da-ra~-rát´
come.in-RED~-come.in****
tare
ta-∅-a--re
TempA.PP.FAuxConsec
hardát
hardát´
arrive****
ayá
aya
landL.Mo
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translation"you go in until you have arrived in Datoogaland"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
bara
bar-∅-a-
ifA.PP.FAux
hardát
hardát´
arrive****
Translation"when you arrive"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
aslà
asla-tá_`_
fireL.FtEmph
Translation"the Datooga people are at the fire"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
iwít
iwít´
sit****
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
aslà
asla-tá_`_
fireL.FtEmph
Translation"The Datooga people are sitting at the fire"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
barta
bar-t-i--(g)a
ifMPS.3AuxPrf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
malék
****
****
Translation"if they say 'malék'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
malék
****
****
Translation"'malék"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
areʔ
ar-eʔ
****Imp.Pl
Translation"look"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
barta
bar-t-i--(g)a
ifMPS.3AuxPrf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
malék
****
****
malék
****
****
Translation"if they say 'malek malék'

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gemawee
gemáw-ee
****Imp.Sg.O
dahhaangw
dahhaangw
s.o.gourdL.Mo
i
i-
S.3Aux
gwaaʔi
gwaaʔ-i
dieSubj
Translation"let go of the gourd, such that it breaks"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dahhaangós
dahhaangw-ós
s.o.gourdL.MoPoss.3Sg
aáng
aáng
in.the.past
ngu
ng-u-
A.3P.MAux
idorir
ido-r´-r
mannerL.FrDem1-Instr
kon
kón_¯_
haveSubj
Translationhe had been holding his gourd like this

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ngu
ng-u-
A.3P.MAux
Translationhe has it

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kon
kón_¯_
be.togetherSubj
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dahhangw
dahhaangw
s.o.gourdL.Mo
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
geemáy
geemáy´
let.go.of****
Translationhe let go of the gourd

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
gwaáʔ
gwaáʔ
die
Translationit broke

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
heé
hee
personL.Mo
malék
****
****
ngi
ng-i-
A.3P.NAux
ooʔ
oóʔ_¯_
saySubj
a
Aux

ma_ˆ_
whichQ
Translationthe person who said 'malék' is who?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraà
****
****
Translationthe Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraadáʔ
****
****
a
i--(g)a
P.1SgAuxPrf
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
aslti
asla-tá-i
fireL.FtLat
ay
áy_¯_
goSubj
Translationthose Datooga people he encountered at the fire

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gwargwe
****
****
gona
****
****
malek
****
****
Translation[friend, throw the honey]

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ihi
****
****
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aha
****
****
Translationoh

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
gona
****
****
Translation'throw the honey, friend' they said bring the honey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ihi
****
****
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
maled
****
****
baba
baba
father
ta
t-
MPAux
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ta
t-
MPAux
kayí
****
****
kayi
****
****
gona
****
****
danú
danú
honeyL.Mo
maled
****
****
a
a
****
harisang
harís-ang
giveImp.Vent.Sg.O
ʕayaan
ʕaáy-aán_¯_
eat1.PlSubj
Translationthe Datooga people said 'bring the honey' that we eat it

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
inó
****
****
ngu
ng-u-
A.3P.MAux
kón
kón
have****
neer
neer
with
dahhaangw
dahhaangw
s.o.gourdL.Mo
Translationhe who had it in the gourd

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
waleés
waleés´
be.careless****
koqo
****
****
karra
karra
so
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
mahhat
****
****
danudáʔ
danú-dáʔ
honeyL.Mo-Dem4
nguna
ng-u--na
A.3P.MAuxImprf
ʕáy
ʕáy
eat****
Translationhe was careless that one, and the Datooga people crouched down (and) ate that honey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tana
t--na
MPAuxImprf
qwatlikeê
qwátl-i-aká-ee_ˆ_
****************Q
Translationdidn't they fight for it

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
danuʔín
danú-ʔín
honeyL.MoPoss.3Pl
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
ʕáy
ʕáy
eat****
Translationhey, they ate their honey

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwo
aluwo
then
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
kuna
t-ng-u--na
MPA.3P.MAuxImprf
báy
báy´
********
danusí
danú-sí
honeyL.MoDem2
bura
bar-u--(g)a
ifP.2Sg.MAuxPrf
slax
****
****
dír
di-r´
placeL.Fr
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
burngwa
bar-ng-u--wa
ifA.3P.MAuxBack
ʕaayiyíʔ
ʕaay-iyíʔ
eat****
Translationin the end, Ganay was told "this honey, if you spill it at the place of the Datooga people, if they eat it"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwó
****
****
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
birna
bar-∅--na
ifA.PAuxImprf
tleér
tleér
wake.up
digirmó
digirmó
borderL.Mo
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
nee
nee
and
oo
oo
Ana.M
Iraqw
Iraqw_´_
Iraqw.personL.N0
bura
bar-u--(g)a
ifP.2Sg.MAuxPrf
a
Aux
digirmó
digirmó
borderL.Mo
Gorwa
****
****
nee
nee
and
oo
oo
Ana.M
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
bura
bar-u--(g)a
ifP.2Sg.MAuxPrf
eér
eér
go****
Translation"and if you come, at the border of Gorwaaland and Iraqwland, if you come to the border of Gorwaaland and Datoogaland"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
uúʔ
****
****
Translation"call out"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
tu
t-u-
MPP.2Sg.MAux
tseesi
tsees-i_¯_
********Subj
ma
m-∅-
ProhibS.PAux
gasí
ga-r´-sí
thingL.FrDem2
ma
m-∅-
ProhibS.PAux
daha
daha
coming.in
ayá
aya
landL.Mo
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
Translation"that you are ritually cleansed, do not ... this thing, do not enter Gorwaaland"

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
axamiís
axamiís
listen
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aluwó
****
****
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
hheʔe
****
****
gasí
ga-r´-sí
thingL.FrDem2
nga
ng-a--(g)a
A.3P.FAuxPrf
tleehhî
tleehh-i_ˆ_
make****Q
Translationand then - hey - did Ganay do this thing?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
nina
ni-na
VentImprf
korqoót
korqoót
go.quickly
amosí
amoo-r´-sí
placeL.FrDem2
ngiwa
ng-a--wa
A.3P.FAuxBack
ay
áy_¯_
goSubj
hheʔe
****
****
Translationhe came fast to this place, when he arrived at Galapoo, did he cry out?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
uuʔikáng
uuʔ-i-akáng
************
Galapoo
Galapoo
Galapoo
Translationhe didn't cry out

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
uuʔî
uuʔ-i_ˆ_
********Q
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aqo
=qo
Aux****
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
oóʔ
ooʔ´
say****
bara
bar-i--(g)a
ifS.3AuxPrf
naʕaʔ
naʕaʔ_´_
childrenL.N0
Translationhe said, if (my) children are gone, who will I pity?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
daqane
daqane
then
i
i-
S.3Aux
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
kahhiyáʔ
kaáhh-iyáʔ
be.absentN.Pres
heé
hee
personL.Mo
ni
ni-
MP.S.1Aux
aní
aní
ProPers.1Sg
gurtlaw
****
****
heé
hee
personL.Mo
slami
****
****
ni
ni-
MP.S.1Aux
oo
oo
Ana.M
gurtlâw
gurtlaw_ˆ_
****Q
milâ
milá_ˆ_
whatQ
Translationmoreover, who will I pity?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
naʕaʔéʔ
naʕaʔ_´_-ʔéʔ
childrenL.N0Poss.1Sg
ka
t-ng-i--(g)a
MPA.3P.NAuxPrf
faakî
faak-i_ˆ_
finish****Q
ana
∅--na
S.PAuxImprf
inoʔín
inoʔín
ProPers.3Pl
gurtláw
gurtláw
****
Translationmy children are dead, I pity them

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ki
t-ng-i-
MPA.3P.NAux
qwareesi
qwár-ees-i
become.lostExt****
Translationthat they are lost!

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
karra
karra
so
Translationand so

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
tláy
tláy´
go****
neer
neer
with
disí
di-r´-sí
placeL.FrDem2
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Tseeʕá
Tseeʕá Daʕáw
Tseeʕá Daʕáw
Daʕáw
Galapoo
Galapoo
TranslationGanay went there to the Tsee/á Da/áw of Galapoo

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Duwanqeéd
Duwanqeéd
****
ina
i--na
S.3AuxImprf
dáh
dah´
come.in****
bará
bará
in
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
Translationthe Maasai people entered among the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Duwanqeé
Duwanqeé
****
Translationthe Maasai people were slaughtering the Datooga people

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ngina
ng-a--na
A.3P.FAuxImprf
tsuʕaʕín
tsuúʕ~aʕ_2_-iím_2_-i´
kill~PlurMExtM-Pst
tsuʕaʕín
tsuúʕ~aʕ_2_-iím_2_-i´
kill~PlurMExtM-Pst
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
kalaʕadáʔ
kalaʕa-r´-dáʔ
steppingL.Fr-Dem4
ngina
ng-a--na
A.3P.FAuxImprf
óh
oh´
catch****
Translationthey followed those footprints

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
disí
di-r´-sí
placeL.FrDem2
ta
t-
MPAux
danú
danú
honeyL.Mo
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ire
i--re
S.3AuxConsec
dát
dát
come.in
Translationthis place where they passed wiuth the honey, and they (even) went into holes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
boohonteʔeerí
boohonteʔeeri_´_
holeL.N0
bará
bará
in
boohonteʔeeri
boohonteʔeeri_´_
holeL.N0
filá
filá
aardvarkL.Mo
Translationaardvark holes!

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
aga
∅--(g)a
S.PAuxPrf
axasî
axás-i_ˆ_
hear****Q
Translationhave you heard?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
a
∅-
S.PAux
axamiís
axamiís
listen
TranslationI am listening

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
iwa
i--wa
S.3AuxBack
qaytsiít
qaytsiit´
look****
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
faák
faak´
finish****
Translationwhen they saw that the Datooga person had been finished

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Duwanqee
Duwanqee
****
nina
ni-na
VentImprf
ʕeét
ʕeet´
go.down****
neer
neer
with
uruwadáʔ
uruwa-r´-dáʔ
roadL.Fr-Dem4
ar
ar
Ana.F
Ganay
Ganay
Ganay
ay
ay
Prep.Vent
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
Translationthe Maasai people went down on that path of Ganay to Gorwaaland

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
gár
ga-r´
thingL.Fr
a
i--(g)a
MP.S.3AuxPrf
tleéhh
tleehh´
make****
wa
wa
Prep.Abl
Galapoo
Galapoo
Galapoo
Translationhey - the thing they did at Galapoo

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
tseʔeesî
tseʔees-i_ˆ_
********Q
Translationthey didn't ritually cleanse

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ka
t-ng-a-
MPA.3P.FAux
tseʔeesî
tseʔees-i_ˆ_
********Q
Translationwas it ritually cleansed?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
tseʔeesadáʔ
tseʔeesa-r´-dáʔ
****L.Fr-Dem4
Translationthe ritual cleansing had been requested

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
todáʔ
-dáʔ
DemF-Dem4
tawa
t--wa
MPAuxBack
qamár
aáng
in.the.past
Gorwaa
****
****
nee
t-
MPAux
Taraa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
bara
ooʔ_¯_
saySubj
ʕeét
nee
and
Translationthat one that if you go down to the border of Gorwaaland and Datoogaland, you call out such that you are ritually cleansed by the Gorwaa people - hey - did he call out?

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
Taraa
Taraa-r´
Datooga.personL.Fr
bara
bar-i--(g)a
ifS.3AuxPrf
ʕeét
ʕeet´
go.down****
kuúng
kuúng
ProPers.2Sg.M
ta
t-
MPAux

uʔuúʔ_1_-a_¯_
cry.out2-P.PresSubj
tu
t-u-
MPP.2Sg.MAux
tseʔeesi
****
****
nee
nee
and
Goraa
Goraa_´_
****L.N0
hheʔe
****
****
inós
inós
ProPers.3Sg
a
i--(g)a
S.3AuxPrf
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
daqane
daqane
then
ta
uuʔ-i_ˆ_
********Q
dat
ta-u--(g)a
TempP.2Sg.MAuxPrf
Translationand then you enter the land

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
dat
dáh_1_-i´_¯_
come.in2-PstSubj
ayà
aya_`_
landL.MoEmph
Translation

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
ee
ee
yes
Translationyes

Word
Morpheme
Gloss
hheʔe
****
****
Gorwaa
Gorwaa_´_
Gorwaa.personL.N0
kina
t-ng-i--na
MPA.3P.NAuxImprf
lalee
lalee
continue
aakò
aako_`_
grandfatherL.MoEmph
Translationhey - the Gorwaa people were attacked!

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